Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page)

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• Quick Lookups
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  • Tire Fitment
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • Accelerometer Connector End View (C0195)
        • Air Bag-Passenger Connector End View (C0251)
        • Air Suspension Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0420)
        • Airbag-ITS-Front-LH Connector End View (C1477)
        • Airbag-ITS-Front-RH Connector End View (C1478)
        • Airbag-ITS-Rear-LH Connector End View (C1474)
        • Airbag-ITS-Rear-RH Connector End View (C1475)
        • Airbag-Side-Driver Connector End View (C1499)
        • Airbag-Side-Passenger Connector End View (C1498)
        • Amplifier-Aerial Connector End View (C0022)
        • Amplifier-Antenna-FM Connector End View (C1237)
        • Amplifier-Antenna-FM Connector End View (C1238)
        • Amplifier-Logic 7 Connector End View (C2414)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0491)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0492)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0493)
        • Antenna-Telephone Connector End View (C2890)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0234)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0660)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0661)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0662)
        • Camera-Rear View Connector End View (C2788)
        • CD Auto Changer Connector End View (C0941)
        • Cigar Lighter Connector End View (C0086)
        • Cigar Lighter Connector End View (C0089)
        • Cigar Lighter-Rear Connector End View (C1594)
        • Cigar Lighter-Rear Connector End View (C1595)
        • Clock-Analogue Connector End View (C0232)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C0127)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C2352)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C2353)
        • Coil-Transponder Connector End View (C0049)
        • Companion Connector End View (C2685)
        • Console Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0903)
        • Cooling Fan Connector End View (C0005)
        • DCU-Airbag Connector End View (C0256)
        • Diagnostic Socket Connector End View (C0040)
        • Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0336)
        • Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0803)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2102)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2114)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2832)
        • ECU-ABS Connector End View (C0506)
        • ECU-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0867)
        • ECU-Air Suspension Connector End View (C2030)
        • ECU-Delay-Windscreen Wiper Connector End View (C0546)
        • ECU-Electronic Automatic Transmission Connector End View (C0193)
        • ECU-Engine Immobilisation Connector End View (C0059)
        • ECU-Interlock-Steering Column Connector End View (C2055)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C0957)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C0958)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C1457)
        • ECU-Sunroof-1 Connector End View (C0784)
        • ECU-Trailer Connector End View (C0380)
        • ECU-Transfer Box Connector End View (C1319)
        • ECU-Tyre Pressure Monitoring Connector End View (C1537)
        • Eject Box-Telephone Connector End View (C1252)
        • Engine Control Module (ECM) Connector End View (C0331)
        • Fan-E-Box Connector End View (C0646)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0580)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0581)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0583)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0584)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0585)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0586)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0587)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0588)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0589)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0590)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0591)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0592)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2020)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2021)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2022)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2023)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2024)
        • Head Unit-Integrated Connector End View (C2105)
        • Head Unit-Integrated Connector End View (C2115)
        • Headlamp-LH Connector End View (C0009)
        • Headlamp-RH Connector End View (C0011)
        • Heated Rear Window (HRW) Connector End View (C0381)
        • Heated Rear Window (HRW) Connector End View (C0382)
        • Heated Screen-Front Connector End View (C0246)
        • Heated Screen-Front Connector End View (C0247)
        • Heater Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1898)
        • Heater-Cushion-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2042)
        • Heater-Cushion-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2043)
        • Heater-Fuel Burning Connector End View (C0925)
        • Heater-Fuel Burning Connector End View (C0926)
        • Heater-Seat Connector End View (C0249)
        • Heater-Washer Jet-LH Connector End View (C0946)
        • Heater-Wiper Blade Connector End View (C2051)
        • Heater-Wiper Blade Connector End View (C2081)
        • Horn (s) Connector End View (C0003)
        • Horn (s) Connector End View (C0004)
        • Illumination-Heater Control-LH Connector End View (C1294)
        • Illumination-Heater Control-RH Connector End View (C1295)
        • Instrument Pack Connector End View (C0230)
        • Instrument Pack Connector End View (C0233)
        • Lamp-Ashtray Connector End View (C2322)
        • Lamp-Automatic Gearbox Selector Indicator Connector End View (C0245)
        • Lamp-Brake-High Mounted Connector End View (C0613)
        • Lamp-Direction Indicator Hazard Warning-Front-LH Connector End View (C0001)
        • Lamp-Direction Indicator Hazard Warning-Front-RH Connector End View (C0002)
        • Lamp-Door Sill-Front-LH Connector End View (C1795)
        • Lamp-Door Sill-Front-RH Connector End View (C1794)
        • Lamp-Fog-Front-LH Connector End View (C0514)
        • Lamp-Fog-Front-RH Connector End View (C0513)
        • Lamp-Footwell-Front-LH Connector End View (C0077)
        • Lamp-Footwell-Front-RH Connector End View (C0076)
        • Lamp-Glove Box Connector End View (C0227)
        • Lamp-Interior-Front Connector End View (C0355)
        • Lamp-Interior-Rear Connector End View (C0357)
        • Lamp-Load Space-LH Connector End View (C0120)
        • Lamp-Load Space-RH Connector End View (C0119)
        • Lamp-Load Space-RH Connector End View (C2047)
        • Lamp-Number Plate And Tail Door Switch Connector End View (C1495)
        • Lamp-Puddle-Front Connector End View (C2210)
        • Lamp-Puddle-Rear Connector End View (C2212)
        • Lamp-Reverse-LH Connector End View (C0472)
        • Lamp-Reverse-RH Connector End View (C0455)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Front-LH Connector End View (C0917)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Front-RH Connector End View (C0916)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0919)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0918)
        • Lamp-Side Repeater-Front-LH Connector End View (C0013)
        • Lamp-Side Repeater-Front-RH Connector End View (C0012)
        • Lamp-Side-Front-LH Connector End View (C0538)
        • Lamp-Side-Front-RH Connector End View (C0537)
        • Lamp-Tail-LH Connector End View (C0121)
        • Lamp-Tail-RH Connector End View (C0125)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2333)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2334)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2335)
        • Link Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1516)
        • Main Harness To Air Conditioning (A/C) Harness Connector End View (C0786)
        • Main Harness To Air Conditioning (A/C) Harness Connector End View (C0839)
        • Main Harness To Air Suspension Harness Connector End View (C0333)
        • Main Harness To Console Harness Connector End View (C0868)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0435)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0436)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0459)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0463)
        • Main Harness To Engine Harness Connector End View (C0448)
        • Main Harness To Engine Harness Connector End View (C0449)
        • Main Harness To Link Harness Connector End View (C1023)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C0981)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C0982)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C1693)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C2478)
        • Main Harness To Seat Harness Connector End View (C0253)
        • Main Harness To Seat Harness Connector End View (C0255)
        • Main Harness To SRS Harness Connector End View (C1704)
        • Main Harness To Tail Door Harness Connector End View (C0117)
        • Main Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C2045)
        • Main Harness To Trailer Harness Connector End View (C0473)
        • Microphone-Telephone Connector End View (C1303)
        • Mirror-Door-Driver Side Connector End View (C0352)
        • Mirror-Door-Passenger Side Connector End View (C0353)
        • Mirror-Interior Connector End View (C0698)
        • Mirror-Vanity-LH Connector End View (C0737)
        • Mirror-Vanity-RH Connector End View (C0736)
        • Module-Drivers Door Connector End View (C2017)
        • Module-Drivers Door Connector End View (C2058)
        • Module-Gateway Connector End View (C2531)
        • Module-Head Unit Connector End View (C1354)
        • Module-HEVAC Control Connector End View (C1629)
        • Module-HEVAC Control Connector End View (C1630)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C0937)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C2039)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C2040)
        • Module-Passenger Door Connector End View (C2016)
        • Module-Passenger Door Connector End View (C2057)
        • Module-Rear Seat Entertainment Connector End View (C2109)
        • Module-Rear Seat Entertainment Connector End View (C2492)
        • Module-Telephone Connector End View (C0947)
        • Module-Telephone Connector End View (C2496)
        • Module-Trailer Electric Brake Connector End View (C2590)
        • Module-Tuner-DAB/SDARS Connector End View (C2158)
        • Motor-CDL-Tailgate-Lower-RH Connector End View (C2052)
        • Motor-Central Door Locking-Driver Connector End View (C1449)
        • Motor-Central Door Locking-Passenger Connector End View (C1451)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1395)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1396)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1397)
        • Motor-Column-Telescope Connector End View (C1394)
        • Motor-Door Lock-Rear Connector End View (C0442)
        • Motor-Lock-Tail Door Connector End View (C0383)
        • Motor-Lock-Tail Door Connector End View (C0617)
        • Motor-Window-Driver Connector End View (C0740)
        • Motor-Window-Passenger Connector End View (C0741)
        • Motor-Window-Rear Connector End View (C0304)
        • Motor-Wiper-Headlamp-LH Connector End View (C1340)
        • Motor-Wiper-Headlamp-RH Connector End View (C1341)
        • Motor-Wiper-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0388)
        • Motor-Wiper-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0835)
        • Motor-Wiper-Windscreen Connector End View (C0030)
        • Panel-AVI Connector End View (C2226)
        • Passenger Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0322)
        • PDC Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2003)
        • Pump-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0873)
        • Pump-Fuel Burning Heater (FBH) Connector End View (C0920)
        • Pump-Fuel Connector End View (C0114)
        • Pump-Fuel Connector End View (C0205)
        • Pump-Leak Detection Connector End View (C1339)
        • Pump-Power Wash Connector End View (C1342)
        • Pump-Return-ABS Connector End View (C0507)
        • Pump-Washer-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0021)
        • Pump-Washer-Windscreen Connector End View (C0008)
        • Pump-Water Connector End View (C2035)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2214)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2215)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2216)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2217)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0389)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0395)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1694)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2476)
        • Receiver-Fuel Burning Heater Connector End View (C2046)
        • Receiver-Radio Frequency (RF) Connector End View (C0674)
        • Receiver-TMC Connector End View (C2669)
        • Receiver-VICS Connector End View (C1453)
        • Relay-Headlamp Wash/Wipe Connector End View (C2031)
        • Relay-Headlamp Wash/Wipe Connector End View (C2733)
        • Relay-Heated Front Screen Connector End View (C0994)
        • Relay-Interlock Connector End View (C1455)
        • Relay-Steering Column Connector End View (C1392)
        • Relay-Trailer Socket Connector End View (C1331)
        • Rotary Coupler Connector End View (C0082)
        • Rotary Coupler Connector End View (C0374)
        • Sensor-ABS-Front-LH Connector End View (C0516)
        • Sensor-ABS-Front-RH Connector End View (C0517)
        • Sensor-ABS-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0502)
        • Sensor-ABS-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0503)
        • Sensor-Air Temperature Control (ATC) Connector End View (C1548)
        • Sensor-Airbag-Side-LH Connector End View (C0950)
        • Sensor-Airbag-Side-RH Connector End View (C0951)
        • Sensor-Ambient Air Temperature Connector End View (C0884)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Driver Connector End View (C0599)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Passenger Connector End View (C0600)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2015)
        • Sensor-Engine Coolant Level Connector End View (C0147)
        • Sensor-Height-Front-LH Connector End View (C1696)
        • Sensor-Height-Front-RH Connector End View (C1697)
        • Sensor-Height-Rear-LH Connector End View (C1699)
        • Sensor-Height-Rear-RH Connector End View (C1698)
        • Sensor-Key In Connector End View (C0672)
        • Sensor-Low Washer Fluid Level Connector End View (C0620)
        • Sensor-Pad Wear Connector End View (C0050)
        • Sensor-Pad Wear Connector End View (C0968)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Front-LH Connector End View (C0400)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Front-RH Connector End View (C0401)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0964)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0965)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Front-LH Connector End View (C0402)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Front-RH Connector End View (C0403)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0963)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0966)
        • Sensor-Pressure-Air Connector End View (C1610)
        • Sensor-Pressure-Air Connector End View (C1611)
        • Sensor-Radiator Outlet Temperature Connector End View (C2348)
        • Sensor-Rain Connector End View (C0961)
        • Sensor-Steering Angle Connector End View (C0862)
        • Sensor-Sunlight Connector End View (C0790)
        • Sensor-Temperature-E-Box Connector End View (C2137)
        • Sensor-Throttle Position (TP) Connector End View (C0787)
        • Sensor-Tilt Connector End View (C0960)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Front-LH Connector End View (C2026)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Front-RH Connector End View (C2027)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2028)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2029)
        • Sensor-Volumetric Connector End View (C0359)
        • Socket-Accessory Connector End View (C0942)
        • Socket-Accessory-Front Connector End View (C0350)
        • Socket-Accessory-Rear Connector End View (C1632)
        • Solenoid-Fuel Flap Release Connector End View (C0690)
        • Solenoid-Interlock Connector End View (C0673)
        • Sounder-Alarm-Battery Backed Up Connector End View (C0666)
        • Speaker-Centre Connector End View (C0369)
        • Speaker-Low Range-Front Door-RH Connector End View (C0688)
        • Speaker-Low Range-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0310)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Front Door-LH Connector End View (C2059)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Front Door-RH Connector End View (C2060)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0311)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C0405)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C0987)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C1352)
        • Speaker-Surround-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2503)
        • Speaker-Surround-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2502)
        • Speakers Connector End View (C1546)
        • Speakers-High Range Connector End View (C0530)
        • Speakers-High Range Connector End View (C0531)
        • Speakers-Low Range Connector End View (C0726)
        • Sub-Woofer Connector End View (C0834)
        • Switch Pack-Centre Console Connector End View (C0700)
        • Switch-Bonnet Connector End View (C0007)
        • Switch-Brake Fluid Level Connector End View (C0026)
        • Switch-Brake Pedal Connector End View (C0075)
        • Switch-Command Shift Connector End View (C1664)
        • Switch-Handbrake Connector End View (C0091)
        • Switch-Hazard Warning And CDL Master Connector End View (C0096)
        • Switch-Heater-Seat-LH Connector End View (C1401)
        • Switch-Heater-Seat-RH Connector End View (C1403)
        • Switch-Hill Descent Connector End View (C0365)
        • Switch-Ignition Connector End View (C0028)
        • Switch-Ignition Connector End View (C0099)
        • Switch-Lighting Connector End View (C0041)
        • Switch-Oil Pressure Connector End View (C0187)
        • Switch-Pressure-ABS Connector End View (C2036)
        • Switch-Ride Height-Air Suspension Connector End View (C2186)
        • Switch-Steering Column Connector End View (C1393)
        • Switch-Steering Column-Lighting Connector End View (C1832)
        • Switch-Sunroof-Front Connector End View (C0363)
        • Switch-Tail Door Open Connector End View (C0615)
        • Switch-Transmision-High-Low Connector End View (C0685)
        • Switch-Wash/Wipe-Windscreen Connector End View (C0278)
        • Switch-Window-Rear Connector End View (C0732)
        • Tail Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0384)
        • Telephone Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2066)
        • Telephone Link Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C1644)
        • Telephone Link Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C1646)
        • Trailer Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0499)
        • Unit-Multi Function Display Connector End View (C2819)
        • Unit-Multi Function Display Connector End View (C2825)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0274)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0770)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0771)
        • Valve-Non-Return Connector End View (C2037)
        • Valve-Off-Road-Rear Connector End View (C2033)
        • Valve-Servotronic Connector End View (C2038)
        • Valve-Water Connector End View (C2034)
        • Valve-Water Connector End View (C2326)
        • Washer Jet-Heated Connector End View (C0934)
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Anti-Theft
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cooling Fan
      • Cruise Control
      • Defoggers
      • Electronic Suspension
      • Engine Performance
        • 4.6L
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Memory Systems
      • Navigation
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Seats
      • Power Top/Sunroof
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlocks
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
      • Trunk, Tailgate, Fuel Door
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Accessories & Equipment
  • Accessories Control Systems
    • Accessory Socket
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Front Accessory Socket
        • Rear Accessory Socket
    • Cigar Lighter
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Front Cigar Lighter
        • Rear Cigar Lighter
    • Communication Data Buses
      • Communication Data Buses Control Diagram - Sheet
      • Communication Data Buses Control Diagram - Sheet (Up to 2005MY)
      • Communication Data Buses Control Diagram - Sheet (From 2005MY)
      • Description
        • General
          • Notes
          • Data Bus Types
    • Control Units And Relays
      • 86.55.07 Electronic control unit (ECU) - trailer
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.55.09 Relay - horn
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.55.18 Relay - heated front screen
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.55.19 Relay - heated rear screen
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.55.75 Body Control Unit (BCU)
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
  • Anti-Theft Systems
    • Alarm System And Horn
      • 86.26.02 Solenoid - motor -tailgate
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.26.26 Switch - tailgate release - lower
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.30.10 Horn
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.06 Sensor - alarm - tilt
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.07 Electronic control unit (ECU) - immobilization
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.20 Switch - bonnet
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.31 Receiver - alarm
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.32 Sensor - ultrasonic
        • Remove
        • Refit
    • Anti-Theft Alarm & Central Door Locking (CDL)
      • Description
        • Anti-Theft Alarm
          • Notes
          • Perimetric Protection
          • Volumetric Protection
          • Vehicle Angle Monitoring
    • Engine Immobilization
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Td6
          • Power Distribution
    • Security
      • Locking and Alarm Component Layout - Sheet 1 of 2
      • Locking and Alarm Component Layout - Sheet 2 of 2
      • Immobilization Component Layout
      • Description
        • General
        • Locking and Alarm Systems
          • Notes
          • Door Latches
          • Bonnet Switch
          • Fuel Filler Flap Actuator
          • CDL Switch
          • Upper Tail Door Internal Release Switch
          • Upper Tail Door External Release Switch
          • Lower Tail Door Release Switch
          • Lower Tail Door Release Relay
          • Remote Handsets
            • Notes
            • Initialization Procedure
          • RF Receiver (Where Fitted)
          • Infrared Receiver (Where Fitted)
          • Alarm LED
          • Alarm System Status Indications
          • BBUS
          • Volumetric Sensor (if fitted)
          • Tilt Sensor (if fitted)
          • Alarm Triggering Limits
          • Tilt Sensor Harness Connector C0960 Pin Details
        • Immobilization System
          • Notes
          • Transponder
          • Transponder Coil
          • Immobilization ECU
          • Immobilization ECU Harness Connector C0059 Pin Details
      • Alarm and Locking Control Diagram
      • Immobilization Control Diagram - Diesel
      • Immobilization Control Diagram - Petrol
      • Operation
        • Locking System
          • Notes
          • Tail Door Opening
          • SPE
          • Automatic Locking
          • Automatic Unlocking
          • Repetition Blocking
          • Lockout Protection
        • Alarm System
          • Notes
          • Perimetric Sensing
          • Volumetric Sensing
          • Emergency Disarming
        • Immobilization System
  • Collision/Avoidance
    • Driving Aids - Description & Operation
      • Park Distance Control Component Layout
      • PDC Control Diagram
      • Description
        • General
        • Ultrasonic Sensors
        • PDC Ecu
          • Notes
          • Inputs and Outputs
          • I Bus Messages
          • PDC ECU Harness Connector C1457 Pin Details
        • PDC Sounder
        • Parking Switch
        • TPM Reset Switch
        • Tyre Sensor
        • TPM Antenna
        • TPM Ecu
          • Notes
          • TPM ECU Harness Connector C1537 Pin Details
        • Touch Screen Display
        • Gateway Module
        • System Functions
          • Notes
          • Steering Angle
          • Transfer Box
          • Hill Descent Control (HDC)
            • Notes
            • Green Icon
            • Amber Icon
          • Automatic Transmission
          • Air Suspension
          • Wheel Height
          • Compass
          • Venture Cam
        • Venture Cam
          • Notes
          • Venture Cam Mount
          • Battery Charging
        • Docking Station
        • Venture Cam Operation
        • Diagnostics
        • Rear View Camera
          • Notes
          • Camera Rear View
          • Reversing Box
          • Reversing Curves
      • Operation
        • General
        • Diagnostics
        • Initialization
          • Notes
          • Wheel Identification
          • Wheel Position
        • Wheel Confirmation
        • Pressure Monitoring
          • Notes
          • Caution
          • Warning
        • Vandal Monitoring
      • Tyre Pressure Monitoring Component Layout
      • TPM Control Diagram
      • 4X4i Component Location (From 2005MY)
      • 4X4i Control Diagram (From 2005MY)
      • Venture Cam Component Location (From 2005MY)
      • Rear View Camera (RVC) Component Location (From 2005MY)
    • Driving Aids - Removal & Installation
      • 74.10.05 Sensor-Tire pressure monitoring (TPM) system
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.16 Antenna-front wheel-tire pressure monitoring (TPM) system
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.17 Antenna-rear wheel-tire pressure monitoring (TPM) system
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.54.05 Electronic control unit (ECU)-tire pressure monitoring (TPM)
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.54.10 Electronic control unit (ECU)-parking aid
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.54.14 Sensor-parking aid-rear-each
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.54.18 Sounder-parking aid-front
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.54.19 Sounder-parking aid-rear
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.54.21 Sensor-parking aid-front-inner
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.54.22 Sensor-parking aid-front-outer
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.54.40 Camera-rear view
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.54.42 Charger-camera-venture
        • Remove
        • Refit
    • Park Distance Control (PDC)
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • PDC Switch
        • Rear PDC
          • RH Outer Sensor
  • Communication Devices
    • Cellular Phone
      • Telephone System Component Location - Up To 2005MY
      • Telephone System Control Diagram - Up To 2005MY
      • Telecommunication System - Up To 2005MY
        • Introduction
        • Telephone System
          • Notes
          • Eject Box
          • Cordless Handset
          • Eject Box Harness Connector C1252 Pin Details
          • Cordless Handset Replacement
          • Cordless Handset Antenna
          • Telephone Control Unit (TCU)
          • Multi Band Antenna
      • Voice Recognition System Control
        • Introduction
        • System Components
          • Notes
          • Ecu
          • Steering Wheel Switch Pack
          • Microphone
        • Voice Recognition System Operation
          • Notes
          • Making a Phone Call
        • Voice Operation of the Navigation System
          • Notes
          • Map Mode
          • Information on Current Position or Destination
          • Destination Guidance
      • Telephone System Component Location - From 2005 MY
      • Telephone System Control Diagram - From 2005 MY
      • Description
        • General
        • System Components
          • Notes
          • Adaptor Cradle
          • Base Plate Adaptor
          • Base Plate Adaptor Connector C1252
          • Transceiver Module (TM)
          • Transceiver Module Connector C0947
          • Transceiver Module Connector C2496
          • Touch Screen Display (TSD)
          • Microphone
          • Integrated Head Unit (IHU)
          • Roof Pod Antenna
          • Steering Wheel Control Switches
          • Audio Amplifier
          • Gateway Module
        • Bluetooth®
          • Notes
          • Bluetooth® Pairing
        • Voice Recognition
          • Notes
          • Telephone Voice Recognition Functions
          • Voice Recognition Settings
    • Telephone - Hands Free
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • General
  • Cruise Control Systems
    • Cruise Control
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
    • Cruise Control Systems
      • Description
        • Notes
        • Discovery Series II
        • Range Rover
      • Operation
        • Cruise Control Ecu
          • Discovery Series II
          • Range Rover
        • Cruise Control Switches
        • Brake Pedal Switch
          • Discovery Series II
          • Range Rover
        • Clutch Pedal Switch
          • Discovery Series II
          • Range Rover
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor
          • Discovery Series II
          • Range Rover
        • Vacuum Pump
          • Discovery Series II
          • Range Rover
        • Actuator
        • Neutral/Park Lock-Out (A/T)
          • Discovery Series II
          • Range Rover
        • Engine Speed Control
          • Range Rover
      • Component Locations
        • Discovery Series II
        • Range Rover
      • Adjustments
        • Cruise Control Cable
          • Discovery Series II
          • Range Rover
        • Throttle Cable
      • System Tests
        • Road Test
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • System Diagnosis (Discovery Series II)
          • Notes
          • Fault Codes
        • System Diagnosis (Range Rover)
      • Component Tests
        • Cruise Control Ecu
          • Discovery Series II
        • Cruise Control Master On/Off Switch
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II
        • Set+/Res Switches
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II
        • Brake Pedal Switch & Clutch Pedal Switch
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II
        • Body Control Unit (BCU)
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II
        • Self-Leveling & Anti-Locking Brakes (Slabs) Ecu
          • Vehicle Speed Signal (Discovery Series II)
        • Transmission Position Switch
          • Range Rover
        • Vacuum Pump Assembly
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Brake & Clutch Pedal Switches
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery Series II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Cruise Control Master (On/Off) Switch
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery Series II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Cruise Control Switches
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery Series II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Cruise Control Actuator
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery Series II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Assembly
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery Series II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Cruise Control Cable
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery Series II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Cruise Control Ecu
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery Series II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Cruise Control Converter/Inverter Module
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Rotary Coupler (CLOCKSPRING)
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery Series II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Vacuum Pump
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery Series II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Engine Controls - Description & Operation
      • Vehicle Identification
      • Description - Engine Management
        • Component Locations
        • Engine Management Block Diagram
        • General
        • Engine Control Module (ECM)
          • Engine Control Module (ECM)
          • ECM Input/Output
            • Notes
            • Connector 1 - C0634
            • Connector 2 - C0635
            • Connector 3 - C0636
            • Connector 4 - C0637
            • Connector 5 - C0638
        • Crankshaft Speed & Position (CKP) Sensor - C0168
          • Crankshaft Speed & Position (CKP) Sensor
          • CKP Sensor Input/Output
        • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor - C0176
          • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
          • CMP Sensor Input/Output
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor - C0196
          • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
          • Input/Output
        • Thermostat Monitoring Sensor
          • Thermostat Monitoring Sensor
          • Input/Output
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF)/Inlet Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor - C0149
          • MAF/IAT Sensor
          • Input/Output
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
        • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
        • Air Intake Duct - Gulf Models From 2000MY
        • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor - C0175
          • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
          • Input/Output
        • Heated Oxygen Sensors (Ho2S) - C0642
          • Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2S)
          • Input/Output
        • Fuel Injectors
          • Fuel Injectors
          • Input/Output
        • Idle Air Control Valve (IACV) - C0641
          • Idle Air Control Valve (IACV)
          • Input/Output
        • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Input/Output
        • Evaporative Emissions
        • Secondary Air Injection (NAS Only)
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor (NAS Only)
        • Ignition Coils
          • Ignition Coils
          • Input/Output
        • Knock Sensor (KS)
          • Knock Sensor (KS)
          • Input/Output
        • Spark Plugs
          • Spark Plugs
          • Input/Output
        • High Tension (Ht) Leads
          • High Tension (HT) Leads
          • Input/Output
        • Hill Decent Control (HDC)
        • High/Low Ratio Switch
        • Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Mil)/Service Engine Soon Warning Lamp
          • MIL/Service Engine Soon Warning Lamp
          • Input/Output
        • Air Temperature Control (ATC) Request
          • Air Temperature Control (ATC) Request
          • Input/Output
        • ATC Compressor Clutch Relay
          • ATC Compressor Clutch Relay
          • Input/Output
        • Cooling Fan Relay
          • Cooling Fan Relay
          • Input/Output
      • Operation - Engine Management
        • Fuel Quantity
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Closed Loop Fuelling
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Open Loop Fuelling
        • Ignition Timing
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Knock Control
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Idle Speed Control
          • Notes
          • IACV Control Idle Speed
          • Function
        • Evaporative Emission Control
        • On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) - North AMERICAN Specification (NAS) Vehicles Only
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Immobilization System
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Misfire Detection
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Vehicle Speed Signal (VSS)
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Rough Road Signal
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Hill Descent Control (HDC) Signal
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Low Fuel Level Signal
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Coolant Temperature Gauge Signal
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Controller Area Network (Can) System
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Drive Cycles
          • Notes
          • Drive Cycle A
          • Drive Cycle B
          • Drive Cycle C
          • Drive Cycle D
          • Drive Cycle E
      • Description - Cruise Control
        • Component Locations
        • Block Diagram
        • General
        • Cruise Control Master Switch
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Slabs Ecu
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Cruise Control Ecu
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Set+/Res Switches
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Brake Pedal Switch
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Clutch Pedal Switch
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Body Control Unit
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Vacuum Pump Assembly
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Pneumatic Actuator
      • Operation - Cruise Control
        • Cruise Control Activation
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Cruise Control Cancellation
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Cruise Control Resume
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Accelerating While Cruise Control Is Active
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Switching Off Cruise Control
          • Notes
          • Function
  • Entertainment Systems
    • Audio System
      • MID Audio System Component Location - Up to 2005 MY
      • MID Audio System Control Diagram - Up to 2005 MY
      • Multi-Function Display Audio Component Location - Up to 2005 MY
      • Multi-Function Display Audio Control Diagram-Up to 2005 MY
      • Screen Aerial Components - Up to 2005 MY
      • Speaker System Component Location - Up to 2005 MY
      • Base Speaker Control Diagram - Up to 2005 MY
      • Power Amplifier Speaker System Control Diagram - Up to 2005 MY
      • DSP Amplifier Speaker System Control Diagram-Up to 2005 MY
      • Logic7 Speaker Control Diagram - Up to 2005 MY
      • Audio Systems
        • General
        • Multi Information Display (MID) Audio System
          • Notes
          • MID Harness Connector C0241 Pin Details
          • Diagnostics
        • Multi-Function Display (MFD) Audio System
          • Notes
          • Multi-Function Display
          • MFD Harness Connector C0815 Pin Details
          • MFD Harness Connector C0816 Pin Details
        • Common Components
          • Notes
          • Radio Module
          • Radio Module Harness Connector C0818 Pin Details
          • Radio Module Harness Connector C0991 Pin Details
          • Radio Module Harness Connector C1912 Pin Details
          • CD Autochanger
          • CD Autochanger Harness Connector C0941 Pin Details
          • CD Autochanger Harness Connector C1353 Pin Details
          • Amplifiers
          • Amplifier Harness Connector C2077 Pin Details
          • Digital Signal Processor
          • DSP Harness Connector C0491 Pin Details
          • DSP Harness Connector C0492 Pin Details
          • DSP Harness Connector C0493 Pin Details
          • Logic7
          • Logic7 Harness Connector C2414 Pin Details
          • Logic7 Harness Connector C2415 Pin Details
          • Logic7 Harness Connector C2416 Pin Details
        • MID Audio Operation
          • Notes
          • Radio Operation
          • Cassette Operation
          • Mini Disc Operation
          • Compact Disc (CD) Player Operation
        • MID Function Tests
          • Notes
          • Display Test
        • LED Function Test
          • Notes
          • Button Function
          • Increment Sensor Test (Volume)
        • High Line Audio Operation
        • Radio Operation
          • Notes
          • Manual Station Selection
          • Automatic Search
          • Traffic Message Channel
          • Programming Pre-set Radio Stations
          • Regional Stations
          • Traffic Report Stations
        • Cassette Operation
        • CD Autochanger Operation
        • Television Operation
          • Notes
          • Program
          • Search
          • Autostore
          • Set
          • Display
          • Teletext
      • Audio System Component Location - From 2005 MY
      • Audio System Control Diagram - From 2005 MY
      • Speaker Component Location - From 2005 MY
      • DSP System - Speaker Control Diagram - From 2005 MY
      • Logic7 System - Speaker Control Diagram - From 2005 MY
      • Description
        • General
        • Most
        • MOST Diagnostics
        • Gateway Module
          • Notes
          • System Security
        • Infotainment Relay
        • Audio System
          • Notes
          • Touch Screen Display
          • TSD Connector C2819
          • TSD Connector C2820
          • TSD Connector C2823
          • TSD Connector C2825
          • TSD Connector C2826
          • TSD Connector C2827
        • TSD Diagnostics
          • Notes
          • Integrated Head Unit (IHU)
          • IHU Connector C1354
          • IHU Connector C2115
          • IHU Connector C2105
          • IHU Connector C0738
          • DSP Amplifier
          • DSP Amplifier Connector C0491
          • DSP Amplifier Connector C0492
          • DSP Amplifier Connector C0493
          • DSP Amplifier Connector C2102
          • Harman Kardon Logic7 Amplifier
          • Logic7 Amplifier Connector C0491
          • Logic7 Amplifier Connector C0492
          • Logic7 Amplifier Connector C0493
          • Logic7 Amplifier Connector C2106
          • Logic7 Amplifier Connector C2414
          • 6 Disc CD Autochanger
          • CD Autochanger Connector C0941
        • Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service (SDARS) (NAS Vehicles Only)
          • Notes
          • SDARS Antenna
          • SDARS Receiver
          • SDARS Receiver Connector C2989
          • SDARS Receiver Connector C2158
        • Audio System Diagnostics
        • Steering Wheel Switches
      • Audio System Operation
        • Initial Screen Display
        • Radio Operation
        • SDARS Operation
          • CD Autochanger Operation
        • Voice Recognition
          • Notes
          • Audio Voice Recognition Functions
          • Voice Recognition Settings
  • Exterior Lights
    • Automatic Headlamp Leveling
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Light Check Module
    • Direction Indicator/Hazard Warning Lamps
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
    • Fog Lamps
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Front Fog Lamps
          • Power Distribution
          • Light Check Module
    • Head/Side And Tail Lamps
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Halogen System
          • Power Distribution
    • Lighting - Description & Operation
      • Exterior Lighting Component Location
      • Exterior Lighting Control Diagram - Sheet 1 of 2
      • Exterior Lighting Control Diagram - Sheet 2 of 2
      • Description
        • General
        • Light Check Module (LCM)
          • Notes
          • Exterior Bulb Type Rating Table
          • Input Signals for Lamp Control
          • LCM Harness Connector C0937 Pin Details
          • LCM Harness Connector C2039 Pin Details
          • LCM Harness Connector C2040 Pin Details
          • Circuit Protection
          • Bulb Monitoring
          • Alarm Indications
          • Redundant Data Storage
          • Low Voltage Operation
        • Lighting Control Switch
        • Automatic Headlamps (Vehicles from 2005MY - If Fitted)
        • Headlamp Assembly
          • Notes
          • Halogen Headlamps
          • Bi-xenon Headlamps
            • Notes
            • Safety Precautions
          • Crash Signal Activation
          • Security System Activation
        • Headlamp Levelling (Xenon headlamps only) - If fitted
        • Front Side and Direction Indicator Lamp Assembly
        • Front Fog Lamps
        • Rear Side and Direction Indicator Lamp Assembly
        • Side Repeater Lamps
        • Hazard Warning Lamps
          • Notes
          • Crash Signal Activation
        • Reverse Lamps
        • Number Plate Lamps
        • Daylight Running Lamps (selected markets only)
        • Main Beam Direction Indicator Column Control Switch
        • Trailer Module
          • Notes
          • Trailer module Harness Connector C0380 Pin Details
        • Instrument Panel and Switch Illumination Dimming
        • Diagnostics
        • Front and Rear Interior Lamps and Map Reading Lamps
        • Luggage Compartment Lamps
        • Glovebox Lamp
        • Vanity Mirror Illumination Lamps
        • Footwell Lamps
        • Door Puddle Lamps
        • Door Mirror Approach Lamps
      • Operation
        • General
        • Direction Indicator and Hazard Warning Lamps
        • Parking Lamps
        • Side Lamps
        • Light Control Switch Illumination
        • Low Beam Headlamps
        • High Beam Headlamps
        • Xenon Headlamps
        • Front Fog Lamps
        • Rear Fog Lamps
        • Brake Lamps
        • Reverse Lamps
        • Main Beam Direction Indicator Column Control Switch
        • Automatic Headlamp Levelling (Xenon headlamps only) - If fitted
        • Headlamp Delay
        • Instrument Pack Warning Lamp Illumination
        • Automatic Headlamps (Vehicles from 2005MY - if fitted)
        • Automatic Operation
        • Manual Operation
        • Continuous Off
        • Crash Signal Operation
      • Interior Lighting Component Location
      • Interior Lighting Control Diagram
    • Lighting - Removal & Installation
      • 86.40.17 Headlamps - align beam
        • Notes
        • Check
        • Adjust
      • 86.40.03 Control unit - gas discharge - Xenon headlamps
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.40.06 Electronic control unit (ECU) headlamp levelling - Xenon headlamps only
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.40.09 Bulb - headlamp
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.40.29 Lamp assembly - side & indicator
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.40.53 Lamp assembly -indicator side repeater
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.40.55 Headlamp assembly
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.40.70 Lamp assembly - tail
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.40.90 Bulb - reverse lamp
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.40.96 Lamp - driving
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.41.32 Lamp assembly -center high mounted stop -(CHMSL)
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.45.09 Lamp assembly -interior - front and rear
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.65.09 Switch - master -lighting
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.65.50 Switch - hazard warning
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.65.55 Switch - combined direction indicator headlight
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.02 Light check module (LCM)
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
  • Gauges & Instrument Panels
    • Clock
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Illumination
    • Instruments - Description & Operation
      • Instrument Pack - Front View
      • Instrument Pack - Front View - NAS Only
      • Instrument Pack - Control Diagram
      • Description
        • General
        • Warning Lamps
        • Analogue Instruments
          • Notes
          • Speedometer
          • Tachometer
          • Fuel Level Gauge
          • Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge
        • Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
          • Notes
          • Odometer
          • Trip meter
          • Ambient Temperature
          • Ambient Temperature Sensor Resistance Temperature Values
          • Message Centre
        • Service Interval Indicator
          • Notes
          • SII Reset Procedure
            • Notes
            • SII Reset Procedure (All Except Japan and NAS)
            • SII Reset Procedure (Japan and NAS)
        • Gear Position Display
        • On-Board Computer
          • Notes
          • Security Code
            • Notes
            • Code Activation
            • Code De-activation
              • Overview
              • Notes
              • Emergency De-activation
          • On-Board Computer Functions with Column Stalk Switch
            • Notes
            • MFD Programming
            • MID Programming
        • Bus Systems
        • Redundant Data Storage
          • Notes
          • Instrument Pack Harness Connector C0230 Pin Details
          • Instrument Pack Harness Connector C0234 Pin Details
        • Diagnostics
          • Notes
          • Instrument Pack Test
            • Notes
            • Test Function No. 1 - Instrument Pack Identification
            • Test Function No. 2 - System Test
            • Test Function No. 3 - Service Interval Indicator Data
            • Test Function No. 4 - Momentary Fuel Consumption Values
            • Test Function No. 5 - Range Consumption and Range Momentary Value
            • Test Function No. 6 - Tank Content Values and Display Value
            • Test Function No. 7 - Momentary Values for Engine Coolant Temperature, Engine Speed and Ambient Temperature
            • Test Function No. 8 - Momentary Values for Effective and Displayed Speed in km/h
            • Test Function No. 9 - Battery Voltage Supply to Instrument Pack in Volts
            • Test Function 10 - Read Country Code
            • Test Function No. 11 - Read Units Display
            • Test Function No. 12 - Average Speed for Arrival Time Calculation
            • Test Function No. 13 - Activation of the Chime Signals
            • Test Function No. 14 - Read Self Diagnostic Error Bytes
            • Test Function No. 15 - Display of Input/Output Port Status
            • Test Function No. 16 - Momentary Value for Engine Oil Temperature
            • Test Function No. 17 - Minute Counter for Radio Controlled Clock
            • Test Function No. 18 - Dimming Parameters
            • Test Function No. 19 - Lock/Unlock
            • Test function No. 20 - Entry of Correction Factor for Fuel Consumption
            • Test Function No. 21 - Software Reset
      • Operation
        • Warning Lamp Activation
        • Warning Lamp Functionality
          • Notes
          • Glow Plug (Diesel models only)
          • Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)
          • Hill Descent Control (HDC)
          • Supplementary Restraint System (SRS)
          • Anti-lock Brake system (ABS)
          • General Brake Warning Emergency Brake Assist Warning
            • Notes
            • Brake Pad Wear
            • Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD) Warning
            • Low Brake Fluid Warning
            • Emergency Brake Assist Warning
          • Handbrake
          • Engine Oil Pressure
          • Battery Charge Indicator
          • Rear Fog Lamp
          • Front Fog Lamp
          • Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) (Check Engine Soon - NAS)
          • Cruise Control
          • Seat Belt
          • Low Fuel Warning
    • Instruments - Removal & Installation
      • 88.20.01.99 Instrument pack
        • Remove
        • Refit
  • Headlights
    • Headlamp Wash/Wiper
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Headlamp Wash/Wipe Relay
  • Heated Glass/Defoggers
    • Heated Front Screen (HFS)
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • HFS
    • Heated Rear Window (HRW)
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • HRW
  • Horns
    • Alarm System And Horn
      • 86.26.02 Solenoid - motor -tailgate
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.26.26 Switch - tailgate release - lower
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.30.10 Horn
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.06 Sensor - alarm - tilt
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.07 Electronic control unit (ECU) - immobilization
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.20 Switch - bonnet
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.31 Receiver - alarm
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.32 Sensor - ultrasonic
        • Remove
        • Refit
    • Horns
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Horn Relay
  • Infotainment
    • Audio System
      • MID Audio System Component Location - Up to 2005 MY
      • MID Audio System Control Diagram - Up to 2005 MY
      • Multi-Function Display Audio Component Location - Up to 2005 MY
      • Multi-Function Display Audio Control Diagram-Up to 2005 MY
      • Screen Aerial Components - Up to 2005 MY
      • Speaker System Component Location - Up to 2005 MY
      • Base Speaker Control Diagram - Up to 2005 MY
      • Power Amplifier Speaker System Control Diagram - Up to 2005 MY
      • DSP Amplifier Speaker System Control Diagram-Up to 2005 MY
      • Logic7 Speaker Control Diagram - Up to 2005 MY
      • Audio Systems
        • General
        • Multi Information Display (MID) Audio System
          • Notes
          • MID Harness Connector C0241 Pin Details
          • Diagnostics
        • Multi-Function Display (MFD) Audio System
          • Notes
          • Multi-Function Display
          • MFD Harness Connector C0815 Pin Details
          • MFD Harness Connector C0816 Pin Details
        • Common Components
          • Notes
          • Radio Module
          • Radio Module Harness Connector C0818 Pin Details
          • Radio Module Harness Connector C0991 Pin Details
          • Radio Module Harness Connector C1912 Pin Details
          • CD Autochanger
          • CD Autochanger Harness Connector C0941 Pin Details
          • CD Autochanger Harness Connector C1353 Pin Details
          • Amplifiers
          • Amplifier Harness Connector C2077 Pin Details
          • Digital Signal Processor
          • DSP Harness Connector C0491 Pin Details
          • DSP Harness Connector C0492 Pin Details
          • DSP Harness Connector C0493 Pin Details
          • Logic7
          • Logic7 Harness Connector C2414 Pin Details
          • Logic7 Harness Connector C2415 Pin Details
          • Logic7 Harness Connector C2416 Pin Details
        • MID Audio Operation
          • Notes
          • Radio Operation
          • Cassette Operation
          • Mini Disc Operation
          • Compact Disc (CD) Player Operation
        • MID Function Tests
          • Notes
          • Display Test
        • LED Function Test
          • Notes
          • Button Function
          • Increment Sensor Test (Volume)
        • High Line Audio Operation
        • Radio Operation
          • Notes
          • Manual Station Selection
          • Automatic Search
          • Traffic Message Channel
          • Programming Pre-set Radio Stations
          • Regional Stations
          • Traffic Report Stations
        • Cassette Operation
        • CD Autochanger Operation
        • Television Operation
          • Notes
          • Program
          • Search
          • Autostore
          • Set
          • Display
          • Teletext
      • Audio System Component Location - From 2005 MY
      • Audio System Control Diagram - From 2005 MY
      • Speaker Component Location - From 2005 MY
      • DSP System - Speaker Control Diagram - From 2005 MY
      • Logic7 System - Speaker Control Diagram - From 2005 MY
      • Description
        • General
        • Most
        • MOST Diagnostics
        • Gateway Module
          • Notes
          • System Security
        • Infotainment Relay
        • Audio System
          • Notes
          • Touch Screen Display
          • TSD Connector C2819
          • TSD Connector C2820
          • TSD Connector C2823
          • TSD Connector C2825
          • TSD Connector C2826
          • TSD Connector C2827
        • TSD Diagnostics
          • Notes
          • Integrated Head Unit (IHU)
          • IHU Connector C1354
          • IHU Connector C2115
          • IHU Connector C2105
          • IHU Connector C0738
          • DSP Amplifier
          • DSP Amplifier Connector C0491
          • DSP Amplifier Connector C0492
          • DSP Amplifier Connector C0493
          • DSP Amplifier Connector C2102
          • Harman Kardon Logic7 Amplifier
          • Logic7 Amplifier Connector C0491
          • Logic7 Amplifier Connector C0492
          • Logic7 Amplifier Connector C0493
          • Logic7 Amplifier Connector C2106
          • Logic7 Amplifier Connector C2414
          • 6 Disc CD Autochanger
          • CD Autochanger Connector C0941
        • Satellite Digital Audio Radio Service (SDARS) (NAS Vehicles Only)
          • Notes
          • SDARS Antenna
          • SDARS Receiver
          • SDARS Receiver Connector C2989
          • SDARS Receiver Connector C2158
        • Audio System Diagnostics
        • Steering Wheel Switches
      • Audio System Operation
        • Initial Screen Display
        • Radio Operation
        • SDARS Operation
          • CD Autochanger Operation
        • Voice Recognition
          • Notes
          • Audio Voice Recognition Functions
          • Voice Recognition Settings
    • Navigation And In Car Entertainment
      • 86.50.03 Radio
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.50.09 Grille - front door speaker
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.50.10 Speaker - front door
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.50.11 Speaker - top rail
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.50.21 Cassette CD unit
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.50.36 Power amplifier up to 05MY
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.50.36 Power amplifier from 05MY
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.50.50 Transmitter module - infrared headphones
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.50.59 DVD autochanger
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.50.81 Head unit - multi-information display
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.50.84 Satellite Digital Audio Radio System (SDARS)
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.01 Computer - navigation up to 05MY
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.01 Computer - navigation from 05MY
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.08 Amplifier - aerial -diversity
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.11 Antenna - telephone
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.12 Control unit - telephone (TCU) up to 05MY
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.12 Control unit - telephone (TCU) from 05MY
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.13 Voice recognition module
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.18 Amplifier - television (TV) - LH
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.19 Amplifier - television (TV) - RH
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.21 Amplifier - aerial - TV and FBH
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.43 Panel - audiovisual input output (AVIO)
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.46 Integrated head unit
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.47 Infotainment gateway module
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.48 Rear seat entertainment interface module
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.50 Tuner - television
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.54 Screen - television - headrest
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.60 Tuner - traffic message channel (TMC) from 05MY
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.53.70 Video unit
        • Remove
        • Refit
    • Navigation System
      • Navigation System Component Location (Except Japan) - Up To 2005MY
      • Navigation System Control Diagram (Except Japan) - Up To 2005MY
      • Navigation System Component Location (Japan Only) - Up To 2005MY
      • Navigation System Control Diagram (Japan Only) - Up To 2005MY
      • Navigation System - Up to 2005MY
        • Introduction To The Global Positioning System (GPS)
        • On road Navigation System
        • Navigation System Components
          • Notes
          • Navigation Computer
          • Navigation Computer Harness Connector C0897 Pin Details
          • Navigation Computer Harness Connector C0898 Pin Details
          • Navigation Computer Connector C0899 Pin Details
          • GPS Antenna
          • Multi-Function Display
        • Navigation System Operation
          • Notes
          • Entering a Destination
          • Guidance to Destination
          • Route Display
        • Navigation System Diagnostics
          • Notes
          • Fault codes
          • ECU fault codes
        • Service Mode
          • Notes
          • On-board Monitor
          • Navigation Graphic Element
          • Video Module
          • GPS
          • Sensor Check
      • Navigation System Component Location (Except Japan) - From 2005MY
      • Navigation System Control Diagram (Except Japan) - From 2005MY
      • Navigation System Component Location (Japan Only) - From 2005MY
      • Navigation System Control Diagram (Japan Only) - From 2005MY
      • Navigation System - From 2005 MY
        • General
        • Navigation System Components
          • Notes
          • Touch Screen Display
          • Navigation Computer
          • Navigation Computer Connector C1599
          • Navigation Computer Connector C2113
          • Navigation Computer Connector C2114
          • GPS Antenna
          • Microphone
        • Traffic Message Channel (TMC) - European and North American Markets Only
          • Notes
          • TMC Receiver
          • TMC Antenna Amplifier
          • TMC Receiver Connector C2154
          • TMC Receiver Connector C2669
        • Vehicle Information and Communication Systems (VICS) - Japan Only
          • Notes
          • VICS Receiver
          • VICS Receiver Connector C1453
          • VICS Receiver Connector C2221
          • VICS Receiver Connector C2225
          • VICS Beacon
          • VICS Antenna Amplifier
        • Navigation System Diagnostics
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC)
      • Operation
        • Initial Screen Display
        • Navigation Operation
          • Notes
          • On-Road Navigation
          • Off-Road Navigation
  • Interior/Exterior Trim
    • Doors - Description & Operation
      • Front Door
      • Doors
        • General
        • Trim Casing
        • Door Locking
        • Door Mirrors
          • Notes
          • Door Module Harness Connectors C2271 LH and RH Pin Details
          • Door Mirror Harness Connectors C0352 and C0353 Pin Details
        • Operation
        • Mirror Memory
        • Automatic Mirror Tilting (Kerb View)
        • Mirror Heating
        • Mirror Fold
        • Tail Door
        • Tail Door Operation
          • Notes
          • Upper Tail Door Button
          • Upper Tail Door
          • Lower Tail Door
          • Actuators
          • Relays
          • Lower Tail Door Locks
      • Operation
        • General
        • Upper Tail Door
        • Lower Tail Door
        • Repeat Lockout
    • Interior Fittings
      • 76.10.47 Sun visor
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.10.51 Mirror - interior
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.12 Trim casing - rear quarter - lower
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.24 Foot rest finisher - LHD
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.26 Trim finisher - 'A' post - upper
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.27 Trim finisher - 'A' post - lower
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.28 Trim finisher - 'B' post - upper
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.30 Trim finisher - 'D' post - upper
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.31 Trim finisher - 'D' post - lower
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.32 Trim finisher - 'E' post
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.01 Centre console
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.02 Console - headlining - front
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.07 Finisher - console
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.08 Console - headlining - rear
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.09 Cover - automatic transmission selector
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.31 Closing panel - center console
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.41 Switch panel - air suspension
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.04 Top rail - fascia
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.05 Shroud - lower - fascia
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.11 Closing panel - fascia end
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.12 Finisher - upper - drivers side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.13 Finisher - upper - passenger's side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.14 Finisher - lower - passengers side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.15 Finisher - lower - drivers side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.22 Fascia - carrier
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.23.99 Fascia - remove for access & refit
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.27 Closing panel - passenger side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.28 Closing panel - driver's side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.49.08 Carpet - front
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.49.17 Retainer - front carpet
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.49.23 Finisher - tailgate carpet
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.52.03 Glove box
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.52.16 Latch - glove box
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.58.30 Handle - grab
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.64.15 Headlining
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
    • Interior Trim Components
      • Interior Mirror
      • Description
        • General
          • Notes
          • Electrochromic Mirror
          • Universal Transmitter
  • Interior/Illumination Lights
    • Interior Illumination
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Lighting Switch
    • Interior Lamps
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
  • Memory Modules
    • Body Control Unit
      • BCU Component Location
      • Description
        • General
        • CarKey Memory
        • Load Disconnection
        • Sleep Mode
        • Diagnostics
  • Mirrors
    • Door Mirrors
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
    • Interior Mirror
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Automatic Dimming
          • Notes
          • Drivers Door Mirror
          • Passenger Door Mirror
    • Power Mirrors
      • Description
      • Operation
        • Power Mirrors
          • Discovery Series II
          • Range Rover
        • Memory Mirror System
          • Range Rover
        • Reverse Mirror Dipping
          • Range Rover
      • Adjustment
        • Reverse Mirror Dipping
          • Notes
          • Setting Mirror Dipping (Range Rover)
          • Disabling Mirror Dipping (Range Rover)
          • Enabling Mirror Dipping (Range Rover)
      • Component Tests
        • Power Mirror Adjusting Switch
          • Discovery Series II
      • Removal & Installation
        • Power Mirror Assembly
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery Series II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
      • Wiring Diagrams
  • Seats
    • Front Heated Seats
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • RH Seat
        • LH Seat
    • Front Seats
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
          • Notes
          • Non-Memory Drivers Seat
          • Memory Drivers Seat
    • Rear Seats
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • RH Rear Seat
        • LH Rear Seat
    • Seats
      • Front Seat
      • Description
        • Front Seats
          • Notes
          • Manual Seats
          • Electric Seats
          • Contour Seats
          • Memory Function
        • Rear seats
        • Seat Control Unit
          • Notes
          • Standard Control Unit
          • Contour Version
        • Seat Control Unit Sub-Systems
        • Seat Power Relay
        • Seat Switch Pack
        • Seat Forward Backward Motor
        • Seat Cushion Front Up/Down Motor
        • Seat Cushion Rear Up Down Motor
        • Seat Squab Forward Backward Motor
        • Lumbar Pump
        • Manual Adjustment of Drive Motors
      • Seat Heating
        • Description
        • Temperature Control Unit
        • Seat Heater Switches
        • Seat Heater Elements
        • Operation
        • Fault Finding
  • Steering Column Switches
    • Rotary Coupler
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Horns
        • Audio System
        • Telephone
        • Cruise Control
        • Heated Steering Wheel
  • Warning Systems
    • Earth Points And Header Joints
      • General
    • Tire Pressure Monitoring (TPM)
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • TPM Antennae
        • TPM Reset Switch
  • Window Motors & Regulators
    • Windows - Description & Operation
      • Windows Component Layout
      • Description
        • General
        • Window Switches
          • Notes
          • Door Module Harness Connectors C2016 and C2017 Pin Details
          • Door Module Harness Connectors C2057 and C2058 Pin Details
        • Anti-trap Sensors
        • Window Regulators
      • Windows Control Diagram
      • Operation
        • General
        • End of Travel Shut off
        • One-shot Opening and Closing
        • Anti-trap
        • Convenience Opening and Closing
        • Repetition Blocking
    • Windows - Removal & Installation
      • 86.25.08 Switch - window -master
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.25.10 Switch pack - rear door
        • Remove
        • Refit
  • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • Headlamp Wash/Wiper
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Headlamp Wash/Wipe Relay
    • Wipers And Washers - Description & Operation
      • Wiper and Washer System Component Location
      • Wipers and Washers Control Diagram
      • Description
        • General
          • Notes
          • Wiper Control Column Switch
        • Front Wipers
          • Notes
          • Wiper Linkage
          • Wiper Motor
          • Wiper Arms
          • Washer Reservoir and Pumps
          • Heated Windscreen Washer Jets
          • Wiper Blade Heating
        • Rain Sensor
        • Rear Wiper
          • Notes
          • Wiper Motor
          • Wiper Arm
        • Headlamp Wipers
      • Operation
        • Front Wipers
          • Notes
          • Intermittent
          • Normal (Slow) Speed
          • Fast Speed
          • Rain Sensor
          • Wash Wipe
          • Reservoir Level Sensor
          • Heated Windscreen Washer Jets
          • Wiper Motor Blocking Protection
        • Rear Wipers
          • Notes
          • Wiper Operation
          • Intermittent Adjustment
          • Rear Wiper Motor Blocking Protection
        • Headlamp Wipers and Washers
        • Diagnostics
    • Wipers And Washers - Removal & Installation
      • 84.10.03 Reservoir - combined windscreen head lamp washer
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.10.17 Sensor - washer reservoir level
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.10.21 Pump - washer
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.12.10 Sensor - rain
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.15.02 Arm - wiper - front screen
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.15.06 Blade - wiper - front screen
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.15.11 Motor & linkage - wiper
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.15.12 Motor - wiper
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.15.37 Relay - wiper delay
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.25.02 Arm - wiper - headlamp
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.25.06 Blade - wiper -headlamp
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.25.12 Motor - wiper - headlamp
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.35.01 Arm - wiper - tailgate
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.35.02 Blade - wiper - tailgate
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 84.35.12 Motor - wiper - tailgate
        • Remove
        • Refit
  • Wiring System (Data Link Connectors, Pwr Dist., Grnd Dist.)
    • Diagnostic Socket
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Diagnostic DS2 Bus
        • K Line Bus
• Body & Frame
  • Door Locks
    • Alarm System And Horn
      • 86.26.02 Solenoid - motor -tailgate
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.26.26 Switch - tailgate release - lower
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.30.10 Horn
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.06 Sensor - alarm - tilt
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.07 Electronic control unit (ECU) - immobilization
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.20 Switch - bonnet
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.31 Receiver - alarm
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.32 Sensor - ultrasonic
        • Remove
        • Refit
    • Anti-Theft Alarm & Central Door Locking (CDL)
      • Description
        • Anti-Theft Alarm
          • Notes
          • Perimetric Protection
          • Volumetric Protection
          • Vehicle Angle Monitoring
    • Engine Immobilization
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Td6
          • Power Distribution
    • Security
      • Locking and Alarm Component Layout - Sheet 1 of 2
      • Locking and Alarm Component Layout - Sheet 2 of 2
      • Immobilization Component Layout
      • Description
        • General
        • Locking and Alarm Systems
          • Notes
          • Door Latches
          • Bonnet Switch
          • Fuel Filler Flap Actuator
          • CDL Switch
          • Upper Tail Door Internal Release Switch
          • Upper Tail Door External Release Switch
          • Lower Tail Door Release Switch
          • Lower Tail Door Release Relay
          • Remote Handsets
            • Notes
            • Initialization Procedure
          • RF Receiver (Where Fitted)
          • Infrared Receiver (Where Fitted)
          • Alarm LED
          • Alarm System Status Indications
          • BBUS
          • Volumetric Sensor (if fitted)
          • Tilt Sensor (if fitted)
          • Alarm Triggering Limits
          • Tilt Sensor Harness Connector C0960 Pin Details
        • Immobilization System
          • Notes
          • Transponder
          • Transponder Coil
          • Immobilization ECU
          • Immobilization ECU Harness Connector C0059 Pin Details
      • Alarm and Locking Control Diagram
      • Immobilization Control Diagram - Diesel
      • Immobilization Control Diagram - Petrol
      • Operation
        • Locking System
          • Notes
          • Tail Door Opening
          • SPE
          • Automatic Locking
          • Automatic Unlocking
          • Repetition Blocking
          • Lockout Protection
        • Alarm System
          • Notes
          • Perimetric Sensing
          • Volumetric Sensing
          • Emergency Disarming
        • Immobilization System
  • Exterior/Interior Trim
    • Doors - Description & Operation
      • Front Door
      • Doors
        • General
        • Trim Casing
        • Door Locking
        • Door Mirrors
          • Notes
          • Door Module Harness Connectors C2271 LH and RH Pin Details
          • Door Mirror Harness Connectors C0352 and C0353 Pin Details
        • Operation
        • Mirror Memory
        • Automatic Mirror Tilting (Kerb View)
        • Mirror Heating
        • Mirror Fold
        • Tail Door
        • Tail Door Operation
          • Notes
          • Upper Tail Door Button
          • Upper Tail Door
          • Lower Tail Door
          • Actuators
          • Relays
          • Lower Tail Door Locks
      • Operation
        • General
        • Upper Tail Door
        • Lower Tail Door
        • Repeat Lockout
    • Interior Fittings
      • 76.10.47 Sun visor
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.10.51 Mirror - interior
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.12 Trim casing - rear quarter - lower
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.24 Foot rest finisher - LHD
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.26 Trim finisher - 'A' post - upper
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.27 Trim finisher - 'A' post - lower
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.28 Trim finisher - 'B' post - upper
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.30 Trim finisher - 'D' post - upper
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.31 Trim finisher - 'D' post - lower
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.13.32 Trim finisher - 'E' post
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.01 Centre console
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.02 Console - headlining - front
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.07 Finisher - console
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.08 Console - headlining - rear
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.09 Cover - automatic transmission selector
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.31 Closing panel - center console
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.25.41 Switch panel - air suspension
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.04 Top rail - fascia
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.05 Shroud - lower - fascia
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.11 Closing panel - fascia end
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.12 Finisher - upper - drivers side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.13 Finisher - upper - passenger's side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.14 Finisher - lower - passengers side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.15 Finisher - lower - drivers side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.22 Fascia - carrier
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.23.99 Fascia - remove for access & refit
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.27 Closing panel - passenger side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.46.28 Closing panel - driver's side
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.49.08 Carpet - front
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.49.17 Retainer - front carpet
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.49.23 Finisher - tailgate carpet
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.52.03 Glove box
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.52.16 Latch - glove box
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.58.30 Handle - grab
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.64.15 Headlining
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
    • Interior Trim Components
      • Interior Mirror
      • Description
        • General
          • Notes
          • Electrochromic Mirror
          • Universal Transmitter
  • Mirrors
    • Door Mirrors
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
    • Interior Mirror
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Automatic Dimming
          • Notes
          • Drivers Door Mirror
          • Passenger Door Mirror
    • Power Mirrors
      • Description
      • Operation
        • Power Mirrors
          • Discovery Series II
          • Range Rover
        • Memory Mirror System
          • Range Rover
        • Reverse Mirror Dipping
          • Range Rover
      • Adjustment
        • Reverse Mirror Dipping
          • Notes
          • Setting Mirror Dipping (Range Rover)
          • Disabling Mirror Dipping (Range Rover)
          • Enabling Mirror Dipping (Range Rover)
      • Component Tests
        • Power Mirror Adjusting Switch
          • Discovery Series II
      • Removal & Installation
        • Power Mirror Assembly
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery Series II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
      • Wiring Diagrams
  • Seats
    • Front Heated Seats
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • RH Seat
        • LH Seat
    • Front Seats
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
          • Notes
          • Non-Memory Drivers Seat
          • Memory Drivers Seat
    • Rear Seats
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • RH Rear Seat
        • LH Rear Seat
    • Seats
      • Front Seat
      • Description
        • Front Seats
          • Notes
          • Manual Seats
          • Electric Seats
          • Contour Seats
          • Memory Function
        • Rear seats
        • Seat Control Unit
          • Notes
          • Standard Control Unit
          • Contour Version
        • Seat Control Unit Sub-Systems
        • Seat Power Relay
        • Seat Switch Pack
        • Seat Forward Backward Motor
        • Seat Cushion Front Up/Down Motor
        • Seat Cushion Rear Up Down Motor
        • Seat Squab Forward Backward Motor
        • Lumbar Pump
        • Manual Adjustment of Drive Motors
      • Seat Heating
        • Description
        • Temperature Control Unit
        • Seat Heater Switches
        • Seat Heater Elements
        • Operation
        • Fault Finding
  • Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
    • Sunroof
      • Sunroof Layout
      • Sunroof
        • General
        • Servicing
      • Operation
        • General
        • Manual Operation
        • One-touch Function
        • Anti-Trap Function
        • Convenience Operation
        • Consumer Shutdown
        • Sleep Mode
        • Fault Patterns
        • Diagnosis
        • Initialization
        • Initialization Procedure
    • Sunroof - Description & Operation
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
    • Sunroof - Removal & Installation
      • 76.84.82 Sunroof - align to roof panel & adjust
        • Check
        • Adjust
      • 76.84.01 Sunroof
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.84.03 Glass panel -sunsliding roof
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.84.07 Motor - sunroof
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.84.18 Culisse (lifting) assembly - one only
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.84.27 Trim assembly -sunsliding roof lid
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.84.28 Wind deflector -sunsliding roof
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 76.84.29 Gaiter - side mechanism
        • Remove
        • Refit
  • Windows
    • Windows - Description & Operation
      • Windows Component Layout
      • Description
        • General
        • Window Switches
          • Notes
          • Door Module Harness Connectors C2016 and C2017 Pin Details
          • Door Module Harness Connectors C2057 and C2058 Pin Details
        • Anti-trap Sensors
        • Window Regulators
      • Windows Control Diagram
      • Operation
        • General
        • End of Travel Shut off
        • One-shot Opening and Closing
        • Anti-trap
        • Convenience Opening and Closing
        • Repetition Blocking
    • Windows - Removal & Installation
      • 86.25.08 Switch - window -master
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.25.10 Switch pack - rear door
        • Remove
        • Refit
• Brakes
  • Anti-Lock Brakes
    • Braking System Component Location
    • Front Brake Components
    • Rear Brake Components
    • Foundation Brakes
      • General
      • Master Cylinder
      • Brake Servo
    • Dynamic Stability Control System Control Diagram
    • Dynamic Stability Control
      • Introduction
      • Dynamic Stability Control System Components
        • Hydraulic Modulator
        • Pre-Charge Pump
        • Dynamic Stability Control Sensor
        • Brake Pressure Sensor
        • HDC Switch
        • DSC Switch
        • Wheel Speed Sensors
        • Steering Angle Sensor
        • Brake Fluid Level Warning Switch
        • DSC System Warning Lamps
      • ABS Modulator
    • Operation
      • ABS Braking Mode
      • Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)
      • Electronic Traction Control (ETC)
      • Corner Braking Control (CBC)
      • Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD)
      • Emergency Brake Assist (EBA)
      • Hill Descent Control (HDC)
        • Notes
        • Fade-Out Mode
      • Off-Road ABS Control Module Programming
    • Hand Brake Component Location
    • Hand Brake
      • Introduction
      • Description
        • Notes
        • Function
        • Performance
        • Replacement
        • Service
  • Brakes Control Systems
    • Braking System Component Location
    • Front Brake Components
    • Rear Brake Components
    • Foundation Brakes
      • General
      • Master Cylinder
      • Brake Servo
    • Dynamic Stability Control System Control Diagram
    • Dynamic Stability Control
      • Introduction
      • Dynamic Stability Control System Components
        • Hydraulic Modulator
        • Pre-Charge Pump
        • Dynamic Stability Control Sensor
        • Brake Pressure Sensor
        • HDC Switch
        • DSC Switch
        • Wheel Speed Sensors
        • Steering Angle Sensor
        • Brake Fluid Level Warning Switch
        • DSC System Warning Lamps
      • ABS Modulator
    • Operation
      • ABS Braking Mode
      • Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)
      • Electronic Traction Control (ETC)
      • Corner Braking Control (CBC)
      • Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD)
      • Emergency Brake Assist (EBA)
      • Hill Descent Control (HDC)
        • Notes
        • Fade-Out Mode
      • Off-Road ABS Control Module Programming
    • Hand Brake Component Location
    • Hand Brake
      • Introduction
      • Description
        • Notes
        • Function
        • Performance
        • Replacement
        • Service
  • Mechanical - Hydraulic
    • Brakes
      • Braking System Component Location
      • Front Brake Components
      • Rear Brake Components
      • Foundation Brakes
        • General
        • Master Cylinder
        • Brake Servo
      • Dynamic Stability Control System Control Diagram
      • Dynamic Stability Control
        • Introduction
        • Dynamic Stability Control System Components
          • Hydraulic Modulator
          • Pre-Charge Pump
          • Dynamic Stability Control Sensor
          • Brake Pressure Sensor
          • HDC Switch
          • DSC Switch
          • Wheel Speed Sensors
          • Steering Angle Sensor
          • Brake Fluid Level Warning Switch
          • DSC System Warning Lamps
        • ABS Modulator
      • Operation
        • ABS Braking Mode
        • Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)
        • Electronic Traction Control (ETC)
        • Corner Braking Control (CBC)
        • Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD)
        • Emergency Brake Assist (EBA)
        • Hill Descent Control (HDC)
          • Notes
          • Fade-Out Mode
        • Off-Road ABS Control Module Programming
      • Hand Brake Component Location
      • Hand Brake
        • Introduction
        • Description
          • Notes
          • Function
          • Performance
          • Replacement
          • Service
    • Disc
      • Introduction
      • Description & Operation
      • Bleeding Brake System
        • Notes
        • Depressurizing Brake System
        • Checking Brake Fluid Level
        • Bleeding Procedure
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • BRAKELIGHT Switch
        • Master Cylinder Push Rod
        • Parking Brake
          • Notes
          • Parking Brake Shoes
          • Parking Brake Cable
      • Servicing
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Front Disc Brake Pads
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Brake Caliper
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Brake Rotor & Dust Shield
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Disc Brake Pads
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Brake Caliper
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Brake Rotor & Dust Shield
          • Removal & Installation
        • Brake Booster/Abs Modulator Unit
          • Removal & Installation
        • Brake Fluid Reservoir & Seals
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • BRAKELIGHT Switch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Caliper Guide Pin Boots
          • Removal & Installation
        • Center Console
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Axle Bearings & Oil Seal
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Master Cylinder
        • Parking Brake Cable
          • Removal & Installation
        • Parking Brake Shoes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Parking Brake Lever
          • Removal & Installation
        • Pressure Conscious Reducing Valve
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Axle Bearings & Oil Seal
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
          • Installation
      • Overhaul
      • Torque Specifications
      • Disc Brake Specifications
  • Parking Brake System
    • Brakes
      • Braking System Component Location
      • Front Brake Components
      • Rear Brake Components
      • Foundation Brakes
        • General
        • Master Cylinder
        • Brake Servo
      • Dynamic Stability Control System Control Diagram
      • Dynamic Stability Control
        • Introduction
        • Dynamic Stability Control System Components
          • Hydraulic Modulator
          • Pre-Charge Pump
          • Dynamic Stability Control Sensor
          • Brake Pressure Sensor
          • HDC Switch
          • DSC Switch
          • Wheel Speed Sensors
          • Steering Angle Sensor
          • Brake Fluid Level Warning Switch
          • DSC System Warning Lamps
        • ABS Modulator
      • Operation
        • ABS Braking Mode
        • Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)
        • Electronic Traction Control (ETC)
        • Corner Braking Control (CBC)
        • Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD)
        • Emergency Brake Assist (EBA)
        • Hill Descent Control (HDC)
          • Notes
          • Fade-Out Mode
        • Off-Road ABS Control Module Programming
      • Hand Brake Component Location
      • Hand Brake
        • Introduction
        • Description
          • Notes
          • Function
          • Performance
          • Replacement
          • Service
  • Traction Control
    • Brakes
      • Braking System Component Location
      • Front Brake Components
      • Rear Brake Components
      • Foundation Brakes
        • General
        • Master Cylinder
        • Brake Servo
      • Dynamic Stability Control System Control Diagram
      • Dynamic Stability Control
        • Introduction
        • Dynamic Stability Control System Components
          • Hydraulic Modulator
          • Pre-Charge Pump
          • Dynamic Stability Control Sensor
          • Brake Pressure Sensor
          • HDC Switch
          • DSC Switch
          • Wheel Speed Sensors
          • Steering Angle Sensor
          • Brake Fluid Level Warning Switch
          • DSC System Warning Lamps
        • ABS Modulator
      • Operation
        • ABS Braking Mode
        • Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)
        • Electronic Traction Control (ETC)
        • Corner Braking Control (CBC)
        • Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD)
        • Emergency Brake Assist (EBA)
        • Hill Descent Control (HDC)
          • Notes
          • Fade-Out Mode
        • Off-Road ABS Control Module Programming
      • Hand Brake Component Location
      • Hand Brake
        • Introduction
        • Description
          • Notes
          • Function
          • Performance
          • Replacement
          • Service
• Drivelines & Axles
  • Differentials & Axle Shafts
    • Axle Ratio & Identification
    • Description & Operation
    • Lubrication
      • Capacity
      • Fluid Type
    • Trouble Shooting
    • Removal & Installation
      • Depressurizing & Pressurizing Air Suspension
      • Axle Case Assembly - Front
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Axle Case Assembly - Rear
        • Notes
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Axle Shaft & Hub Assembly - Front
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Axle Shaft & Hub Assembly - Rear
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Differential Assembly - Front
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Differential Assembly - Rear
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Drive Shaft - Front
        • Removal & Installation
      • Drive Shaft - Rear
        • Removal & Installation
      • Mass Damper
        • Removal & Installation
      • Pinion Seal - Rear
        • Removal
        • Installation
    • Overhaul
    • Torque Specifications
• Electrical
  • Body Electrical
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • Accelerometer Connector End View (C0195)
        • Air Bag-Passenger Connector End View (C0251)
        • Air Suspension Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0420)
        • Airbag-ITS-Front-LH Connector End View (C1477)
        • Airbag-ITS-Front-RH Connector End View (C1478)
        • Airbag-ITS-Rear-LH Connector End View (C1474)
        • Airbag-ITS-Rear-RH Connector End View (C1475)
        • Airbag-Side-Driver Connector End View (C1499)
        • Airbag-Side-Passenger Connector End View (C1498)
        • Amplifier-Aerial Connector End View (C0022)
        • Amplifier-Antenna-FM Connector End View (C1237)
        • Amplifier-Antenna-FM Connector End View (C1238)
        • Amplifier-Logic 7 Connector End View (C2414)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0491)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0492)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0493)
        • Antenna-Telephone Connector End View (C2890)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0234)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0660)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0661)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0662)
        • Camera-Rear View Connector End View (C2788)
        • CD Auto Changer Connector End View (C0941)
        • Cigar Lighter Connector End View (C0086)
        • Cigar Lighter Connector End View (C0089)
        • Cigar Lighter-Rear Connector End View (C1594)
        • Cigar Lighter-Rear Connector End View (C1595)
        • Clock-Analogue Connector End View (C0232)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C0127)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C2352)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C2353)
        • Coil-Transponder Connector End View (C0049)
        • Companion Connector End View (C2685)
        • Console Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0903)
        • Cooling Fan Connector End View (C0005)
        • DCU-Airbag Connector End View (C0256)
        • Diagnostic Socket Connector End View (C0040)
        • Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0336)
        • Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0803)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2102)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2114)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2832)
        • ECU-ABS Connector End View (C0506)
        • ECU-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0867)
        • ECU-Air Suspension Connector End View (C2030)
        • ECU-Delay-Windscreen Wiper Connector End View (C0546)
        • ECU-Electronic Automatic Transmission Connector End View (C0193)
        • ECU-Engine Immobilisation Connector End View (C0059)
        • ECU-Interlock-Steering Column Connector End View (C2055)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C0957)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C0958)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C1457)
        • ECU-Sunroof-1 Connector End View (C0784)
        • ECU-Trailer Connector End View (C0380)
        • ECU-Transfer Box Connector End View (C1319)
        • ECU-Tyre Pressure Monitoring Connector End View (C1537)
        • Eject Box-Telephone Connector End View (C1252)
        • Engine Control Module (ECM) Connector End View (C0331)
        • Fan-E-Box Connector End View (C0646)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0580)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0581)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0583)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0584)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0585)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0586)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0587)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0588)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0589)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0590)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0591)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0592)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2020)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2021)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2022)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2023)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2024)
        • Head Unit-Integrated Connector End View (C2105)
        • Head Unit-Integrated Connector End View (C2115)
        • Headlamp-LH Connector End View (C0009)
        • Headlamp-RH Connector End View (C0011)
        • Heated Rear Window (HRW) Connector End View (C0381)
        • Heated Rear Window (HRW) Connector End View (C0382)
        • Heated Screen-Front Connector End View (C0246)
        • Heated Screen-Front Connector End View (C0247)
        • Heater Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1898)
        • Heater-Cushion-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2042)
        • Heater-Cushion-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2043)
        • Heater-Fuel Burning Connector End View (C0925)
        • Heater-Fuel Burning Connector End View (C0926)
        • Heater-Seat Connector End View (C0249)
        • Heater-Washer Jet-LH Connector End View (C0946)
        • Heater-Wiper Blade Connector End View (C2051)
        • Heater-Wiper Blade Connector End View (C2081)
        • Horn (s) Connector End View (C0003)
        • Horn (s) Connector End View (C0004)
        • Illumination-Heater Control-LH Connector End View (C1294)
        • Illumination-Heater Control-RH Connector End View (C1295)
        • Instrument Pack Connector End View (C0230)
        • Instrument Pack Connector End View (C0233)
        • Lamp-Ashtray Connector End View (C2322)
        • Lamp-Automatic Gearbox Selector Indicator Connector End View (C0245)
        • Lamp-Brake-High Mounted Connector End View (C0613)
        • Lamp-Direction Indicator Hazard Warning-Front-LH Connector End View (C0001)
        • Lamp-Direction Indicator Hazard Warning-Front-RH Connector End View (C0002)
        • Lamp-Door Sill-Front-LH Connector End View (C1795)
        • Lamp-Door Sill-Front-RH Connector End View (C1794)
        • Lamp-Fog-Front-LH Connector End View (C0514)
        • Lamp-Fog-Front-RH Connector End View (C0513)
        • Lamp-Footwell-Front-LH Connector End View (C0077)
        • Lamp-Footwell-Front-RH Connector End View (C0076)
        • Lamp-Glove Box Connector End View (C0227)
        • Lamp-Interior-Front Connector End View (C0355)
        • Lamp-Interior-Rear Connector End View (C0357)
        • Lamp-Load Space-LH Connector End View (C0120)
        • Lamp-Load Space-RH Connector End View (C0119)
        • Lamp-Load Space-RH Connector End View (C2047)
        • Lamp-Number Plate And Tail Door Switch Connector End View (C1495)
        • Lamp-Puddle-Front Connector End View (C2210)
        • Lamp-Puddle-Rear Connector End View (C2212)
        • Lamp-Reverse-LH Connector End View (C0472)
        • Lamp-Reverse-RH Connector End View (C0455)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Front-LH Connector End View (C0917)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Front-RH Connector End View (C0916)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0919)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0918)
        • Lamp-Side Repeater-Front-LH Connector End View (C0013)
        • Lamp-Side Repeater-Front-RH Connector End View (C0012)
        • Lamp-Side-Front-LH Connector End View (C0538)
        • Lamp-Side-Front-RH Connector End View (C0537)
        • Lamp-Tail-LH Connector End View (C0121)
        • Lamp-Tail-RH Connector End View (C0125)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2333)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2334)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2335)
        • Link Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1516)
        • Main Harness To Air Conditioning (A/C) Harness Connector End View (C0786)
        • Main Harness To Air Conditioning (A/C) Harness Connector End View (C0839)
        • Main Harness To Air Suspension Harness Connector End View (C0333)
        • Main Harness To Console Harness Connector End View (C0868)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0435)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0436)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0459)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0463)
        • Main Harness To Engine Harness Connector End View (C0448)
        • Main Harness To Engine Harness Connector End View (C0449)
        • Main Harness To Link Harness Connector End View (C1023)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C0981)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C0982)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C1693)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C2478)
        • Main Harness To Seat Harness Connector End View (C0253)
        • Main Harness To Seat Harness Connector End View (C0255)
        • Main Harness To SRS Harness Connector End View (C1704)
        • Main Harness To Tail Door Harness Connector End View (C0117)
        • Main Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C2045)
        • Main Harness To Trailer Harness Connector End View (C0473)
        • Microphone-Telephone Connector End View (C1303)
        • Mirror-Door-Driver Side Connector End View (C0352)
        • Mirror-Door-Passenger Side Connector End View (C0353)
        • Mirror-Interior Connector End View (C0698)
        • Mirror-Vanity-LH Connector End View (C0737)
        • Mirror-Vanity-RH Connector End View (C0736)
        • Module-Drivers Door Connector End View (C2017)
        • Module-Drivers Door Connector End View (C2058)
        • Module-Gateway Connector End View (C2531)
        • Module-Head Unit Connector End View (C1354)
        • Module-HEVAC Control Connector End View (C1629)
        • Module-HEVAC Control Connector End View (C1630)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C0937)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C2039)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C2040)
        • Module-Passenger Door Connector End View (C2016)
        • Module-Passenger Door Connector End View (C2057)
        • Module-Rear Seat Entertainment Connector End View (C2109)
        • Module-Rear Seat Entertainment Connector End View (C2492)
        • Module-Telephone Connector End View (C0947)
        • Module-Telephone Connector End View (C2496)
        • Module-Trailer Electric Brake Connector End View (C2590)
        • Module-Tuner-DAB/SDARS Connector End View (C2158)
        • Motor-CDL-Tailgate-Lower-RH Connector End View (C2052)
        • Motor-Central Door Locking-Driver Connector End View (C1449)
        • Motor-Central Door Locking-Passenger Connector End View (C1451)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1395)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1396)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1397)
        • Motor-Column-Telescope Connector End View (C1394)
        • Motor-Door Lock-Rear Connector End View (C0442)
        • Motor-Lock-Tail Door Connector End View (C0383)
        • Motor-Lock-Tail Door Connector End View (C0617)
        • Motor-Window-Driver Connector End View (C0740)
        • Motor-Window-Passenger Connector End View (C0741)
        • Motor-Window-Rear Connector End View (C0304)
        • Motor-Wiper-Headlamp-LH Connector End View (C1340)
        • Motor-Wiper-Headlamp-RH Connector End View (C1341)
        • Motor-Wiper-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0388)
        • Motor-Wiper-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0835)
        • Motor-Wiper-Windscreen Connector End View (C0030)
        • Panel-AVI Connector End View (C2226)
        • Passenger Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0322)
        • PDC Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2003)
        • Pump-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0873)
        • Pump-Fuel Burning Heater (FBH) Connector End View (C0920)
        • Pump-Fuel Connector End View (C0114)
        • Pump-Fuel Connector End View (C0205)
        • Pump-Leak Detection Connector End View (C1339)
        • Pump-Power Wash Connector End View (C1342)
        • Pump-Return-ABS Connector End View (C0507)
        • Pump-Washer-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0021)
        • Pump-Washer-Windscreen Connector End View (C0008)
        • Pump-Water Connector End View (C2035)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2214)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2215)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2216)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2217)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0389)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0395)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1694)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2476)
        • Receiver-Fuel Burning Heater Connector End View (C2046)
        • Receiver-Radio Frequency (RF) Connector End View (C0674)
        • Receiver-TMC Connector End View (C2669)
        • Receiver-VICS Connector End View (C1453)
        • Relay-Headlamp Wash/Wipe Connector End View (C2031)
        • Relay-Headlamp Wash/Wipe Connector End View (C2733)
        • Relay-Heated Front Screen Connector End View (C0994)
        • Relay-Interlock Connector End View (C1455)
        • Relay-Steering Column Connector End View (C1392)
        • Relay-Trailer Socket Connector End View (C1331)
        • Rotary Coupler Connector End View (C0082)
        • Rotary Coupler Connector End View (C0374)
        • Sensor-ABS-Front-LH Connector End View (C0516)
        • Sensor-ABS-Front-RH Connector End View (C0517)
        • Sensor-ABS-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0502)
        • Sensor-ABS-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0503)
        • Sensor-Air Temperature Control (ATC) Connector End View (C1548)
        • Sensor-Airbag-Side-LH Connector End View (C0950)
        • Sensor-Airbag-Side-RH Connector End View (C0951)
        • Sensor-Ambient Air Temperature Connector End View (C0884)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Driver Connector End View (C0599)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Passenger Connector End View (C0600)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2015)
        • Sensor-Engine Coolant Level Connector End View (C0147)
        • Sensor-Height-Front-LH Connector End View (C1696)
        • Sensor-Height-Front-RH Connector End View (C1697)
        • Sensor-Height-Rear-LH Connector End View (C1699)
        • Sensor-Height-Rear-RH Connector End View (C1698)
        • Sensor-Key In Connector End View (C0672)
        • Sensor-Low Washer Fluid Level Connector End View (C0620)
        • Sensor-Pad Wear Connector End View (C0050)
        • Sensor-Pad Wear Connector End View (C0968)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Front-LH Connector End View (C0400)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Front-RH Connector End View (C0401)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0964)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0965)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Front-LH Connector End View (C0402)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Front-RH Connector End View (C0403)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0963)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0966)
        • Sensor-Pressure-Air Connector End View (C1610)
        • Sensor-Pressure-Air Connector End View (C1611)
        • Sensor-Radiator Outlet Temperature Connector End View (C2348)
        • Sensor-Rain Connector End View (C0961)
        • Sensor-Steering Angle Connector End View (C0862)
        • Sensor-Sunlight Connector End View (C0790)
        • Sensor-Temperature-E-Box Connector End View (C2137)
        • Sensor-Throttle Position (TP) Connector End View (C0787)
        • Sensor-Tilt Connector End View (C0960)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Front-LH Connector End View (C2026)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Front-RH Connector End View (C2027)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2028)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2029)
        • Sensor-Volumetric Connector End View (C0359)
        • Socket-Accessory Connector End View (C0942)
        • Socket-Accessory-Front Connector End View (C0350)
        • Socket-Accessory-Rear Connector End View (C1632)
        • Solenoid-Fuel Flap Release Connector End View (C0690)
        • Solenoid-Interlock Connector End View (C0673)
        • Sounder-Alarm-Battery Backed Up Connector End View (C0666)
        • Speaker-Centre Connector End View (C0369)
        • Speaker-Low Range-Front Door-RH Connector End View (C0688)
        • Speaker-Low Range-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0310)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Front Door-LH Connector End View (C2059)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Front Door-RH Connector End View (C2060)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0311)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C0405)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C0987)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C1352)
        • Speaker-Surround-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2503)
        • Speaker-Surround-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2502)
        • Speakers Connector End View (C1546)
        • Speakers-High Range Connector End View (C0530)
        • Speakers-High Range Connector End View (C0531)
        • Speakers-Low Range Connector End View (C0726)
        • Sub-Woofer Connector End View (C0834)
        • Switch Pack-Centre Console Connector End View (C0700)
        • Switch-Bonnet Connector End View (C0007)
        • Switch-Brake Fluid Level Connector End View (C0026)
        • Switch-Brake Pedal Connector End View (C0075)
        • Switch-Command Shift Connector End View (C1664)
        • Switch-Handbrake Connector End View (C0091)
        • Switch-Hazard Warning And CDL Master Connector End View (C0096)
        • Switch-Heater-Seat-LH Connector End View (C1401)
        • Switch-Heater-Seat-RH Connector End View (C1403)
        • Switch-Hill Descent Connector End View (C0365)
        • Switch-Ignition Connector End View (C0028)
        • Switch-Ignition Connector End View (C0099)
        • Switch-Lighting Connector End View (C0041)
        • Switch-Oil Pressure Connector End View (C0187)
        • Switch-Pressure-ABS Connector End View (C2036)
        • Switch-Ride Height-Air Suspension Connector End View (C2186)
        • Switch-Steering Column Connector End View (C1393)
        • Switch-Steering Column-Lighting Connector End View (C1832)
        • Switch-Sunroof-Front Connector End View (C0363)
        • Switch-Tail Door Open Connector End View (C0615)
        • Switch-Transmision-High-Low Connector End View (C0685)
        • Switch-Wash/Wipe-Windscreen Connector End View (C0278)
        • Switch-Window-Rear Connector End View (C0732)
        • Tail Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0384)
        • Telephone Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2066)
        • Telephone Link Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C1644)
        • Telephone Link Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C1646)
        • Trailer Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0499)
        • Unit-Multi Function Display Connector End View (C2819)
        • Unit-Multi Function Display Connector End View (C2825)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0274)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0770)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0771)
        • Valve-Non-Return Connector End View (C2037)
        • Valve-Off-Road-Rear Connector End View (C2033)
        • Valve-Servotronic Connector End View (C2038)
        • Valve-Water Connector End View (C2034)
        • Valve-Water Connector End View (C2326)
        • Washer Jet-Heated Connector End View (C0934)
  • Charging Systems
    • Generators & Regulators
      • Model Identification
      • Description & Operation
        • Charge Warning Indicator
        • Generator
        • Regulator
      • Service Precautions
        • Battery Disconnect/Connect (Discovery II)
          • Notes
          • Disconnect/Connect
        • Battery Disconnect/Connect (Range Rover)
          • Notes
          • Disconnect/Connect
          • Back-Up Battery
      • Adjustments
        • Drive Belt Tension
      • On-Vehicle Testing
        • Preliminary Charging System Check
        • Charge Warning Indicator Does Not Illuminate
          • Notes
          • Range Rover
      • Bench Testing
      • Removal & Installation
        • Accessory Drive Belt (Discovery II)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Accessory Drive Belt (Range Rover)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Drive Belt TENSIONER (Range Rover)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Generator (Discovery II)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Generator (Range Rover)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Viscous Fan (Discovery II)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Viscous Fan (Range Rover)
          • Removal & Installation
      • Overhaul
      • Generator Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
  • Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
      • Domestic Cars
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Domestic Light Trucks & Vans
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Imported Cars & Trucks
        • ACURA
        • AUDI
        • BENTLEY
        • BMW
        • DAIHATSU
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • FERRARI
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • HONDA
        • HYUNDAI
        • INFINITI
        • ISUZU
        • Jaguar
        • KIA
        • Land Rover
        • LEXUS
        • MAZDA
        • MERCEDES-BENZ
        • MITSUBISHI
        • NISSAN
        • PEUGEOT
        • PORSCHE
        • RENAULT
        • Rolls-ROYCE
        • SAAB
        • SUBARU
        • SUZUKI
        • TOYOTA
        • VOLKSWAGEN
        • VOLVO
    • Electrical Component Locator
      • Buzzers, Relays & Timers
      • Circuit Protection Devices
      • Control Units
      • Motors
      • Sending Units & Sensors
      • Solenoid & Solenoid Valves
      • Switches
      • Miscellaneous
      • Connectors
      • Grounds
      • Component Location Graphics
  • Fuses & Circuit Breakers
    • Identification
      • Notes
      • Right Hand Seat Fuse Box
      • Engine Compartment Fuse/Relay Box
  • Gauges
    • Clock
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Illumination
    • Instruments - Description & Operation
      • Instrument Pack - Front View
      • Instrument Pack - Front View - NAS Only
      • Instrument Pack - Control Diagram
      • Description
        • General
        • Warning Lamps
        • Analogue Instruments
          • Notes
          • Speedometer
          • Tachometer
          • Fuel Level Gauge
          • Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge
        • Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
          • Notes
          • Odometer
          • Trip meter
          • Ambient Temperature
          • Ambient Temperature Sensor Resistance Temperature Values
          • Message Centre
        • Service Interval Indicator
          • Notes
          • SII Reset Procedure
            • Notes
            • SII Reset Procedure (All Except Japan and NAS)
            • SII Reset Procedure (Japan and NAS)
        • Gear Position Display
        • On-Board Computer
          • Notes
          • Security Code
            • Notes
            • Code Activation
            • Code De-activation
              • Overview
              • Notes
              • Emergency De-activation
          • On-Board Computer Functions with Column Stalk Switch
            • Notes
            • MFD Programming
            • MID Programming
        • Bus Systems
        • Redundant Data Storage
          • Notes
          • Instrument Pack Harness Connector C0230 Pin Details
          • Instrument Pack Harness Connector C0234 Pin Details
        • Diagnostics
          • Notes
          • Instrument Pack Test
            • Notes
            • Test Function No. 1 - Instrument Pack Identification
            • Test Function No. 2 - System Test
            • Test Function No. 3 - Service Interval Indicator Data
            • Test Function No. 4 - Momentary Fuel Consumption Values
            • Test Function No. 5 - Range Consumption and Range Momentary Value
            • Test Function No. 6 - Tank Content Values and Display Value
            • Test Function No. 7 - Momentary Values for Engine Coolant Temperature, Engine Speed and Ambient Temperature
            • Test Function No. 8 - Momentary Values for Effective and Displayed Speed in km/h
            • Test Function No. 9 - Battery Voltage Supply to Instrument Pack in Volts
            • Test Function 10 - Read Country Code
            • Test Function No. 11 - Read Units Display
            • Test Function No. 12 - Average Speed for Arrival Time Calculation
            • Test Function No. 13 - Activation of the Chime Signals
            • Test Function No. 14 - Read Self Diagnostic Error Bytes
            • Test Function No. 15 - Display of Input/Output Port Status
            • Test Function No. 16 - Momentary Value for Engine Oil Temperature
            • Test Function No. 17 - Minute Counter for Radio Controlled Clock
            • Test Function No. 18 - Dimming Parameters
            • Test Function No. 19 - Lock/Unlock
            • Test function No. 20 - Entry of Correction Factor for Fuel Consumption
            • Test Function No. 21 - Software Reset
      • Operation
        • Warning Lamp Activation
        • Warning Lamp Functionality
          • Notes
          • Glow Plug (Diesel models only)
          • Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)
          • Hill Descent Control (HDC)
          • Supplementary Restraint System (SRS)
          • Anti-lock Brake system (ABS)
          • General Brake Warning Emergency Brake Assist Warning
            • Notes
            • Brake Pad Wear
            • Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD) Warning
            • Low Brake Fluid Warning
            • Emergency Brake Assist Warning
          • Handbrake
          • Engine Oil Pressure
          • Battery Charge Indicator
          • Rear Fog Lamp
          • Front Fog Lamp
          • Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) (Check Engine Soon - NAS)
          • Cruise Control
          • Seat Belt
          • Low Fuel Warning
    • Instruments - Removal & Installation
      • 88.20.01.99 Instrument pack
        • Remove
        • Refit
  • Horns
    • Alarm System And Horn
      • 86.26.02 Solenoid - motor -tailgate
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.26.26 Switch - tailgate release - lower
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.30.10 Horn
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.06 Sensor - alarm - tilt
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.07 Electronic control unit (ECU) - immobilization
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.20 Switch - bonnet
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.31 Receiver - alarm
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.77.32 Sensor - ultrasonic
        • Remove
        • Refit
    • Horns
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Horn Relay
  • Motors, Switches, Relays
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • Accelerometer Connector End View (C0195)
        • Air Bag-Passenger Connector End View (C0251)
        • Air Suspension Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0420)
        • Airbag-ITS-Front-LH Connector End View (C1477)
        • Airbag-ITS-Front-RH Connector End View (C1478)
        • Airbag-ITS-Rear-LH Connector End View (C1474)
        • Airbag-ITS-Rear-RH Connector End View (C1475)
        • Airbag-Side-Driver Connector End View (C1499)
        • Airbag-Side-Passenger Connector End View (C1498)
        • Amplifier-Aerial Connector End View (C0022)
        • Amplifier-Antenna-FM Connector End View (C1237)
        • Amplifier-Antenna-FM Connector End View (C1238)
        • Amplifier-Logic 7 Connector End View (C2414)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0491)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0492)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0493)
        • Antenna-Telephone Connector End View (C2890)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0234)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0660)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0661)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0662)
        • Camera-Rear View Connector End View (C2788)
        • CD Auto Changer Connector End View (C0941)
        • Cigar Lighter Connector End View (C0086)
        • Cigar Lighter Connector End View (C0089)
        • Cigar Lighter-Rear Connector End View (C1594)
        • Cigar Lighter-Rear Connector End View (C1595)
        • Clock-Analogue Connector End View (C0232)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C0127)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C2352)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C2353)
        • Coil-Transponder Connector End View (C0049)
        • Companion Connector End View (C2685)
        • Console Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0903)
        • Cooling Fan Connector End View (C0005)
        • DCU-Airbag Connector End View (C0256)
        • Diagnostic Socket Connector End View (C0040)
        • Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0336)
        • Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0803)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2102)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2114)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2832)
        • ECU-ABS Connector End View (C0506)
        • ECU-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0867)
        • ECU-Air Suspension Connector End View (C2030)
        • ECU-Delay-Windscreen Wiper Connector End View (C0546)
        • ECU-Electronic Automatic Transmission Connector End View (C0193)
        • ECU-Engine Immobilisation Connector End View (C0059)
        • ECU-Interlock-Steering Column Connector End View (C2055)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C0957)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C0958)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C1457)
        • ECU-Sunroof-1 Connector End View (C0784)
        • ECU-Trailer Connector End View (C0380)
        • ECU-Transfer Box Connector End View (C1319)
        • ECU-Tyre Pressure Monitoring Connector End View (C1537)
        • Eject Box-Telephone Connector End View (C1252)
        • Engine Control Module (ECM) Connector End View (C0331)
        • Fan-E-Box Connector End View (C0646)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0580)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0581)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0583)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0584)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0585)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0586)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0587)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0588)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0589)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0590)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0591)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0592)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2020)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2021)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2022)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2023)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2024)
        • Head Unit-Integrated Connector End View (C2105)
        • Head Unit-Integrated Connector End View (C2115)
        • Headlamp-LH Connector End View (C0009)
        • Headlamp-RH Connector End View (C0011)
        • Heated Rear Window (HRW) Connector End View (C0381)
        • Heated Rear Window (HRW) Connector End View (C0382)
        • Heated Screen-Front Connector End View (C0246)
        • Heated Screen-Front Connector End View (C0247)
        • Heater Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1898)
        • Heater-Cushion-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2042)
        • Heater-Cushion-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2043)
        • Heater-Fuel Burning Connector End View (C0925)
        • Heater-Fuel Burning Connector End View (C0926)
        • Heater-Seat Connector End View (C0249)
        • Heater-Washer Jet-LH Connector End View (C0946)
        • Heater-Wiper Blade Connector End View (C2051)
        • Heater-Wiper Blade Connector End View (C2081)
        • Horn (s) Connector End View (C0003)
        • Horn (s) Connector End View (C0004)
        • Illumination-Heater Control-LH Connector End View (C1294)
        • Illumination-Heater Control-RH Connector End View (C1295)
        • Instrument Pack Connector End View (C0230)
        • Instrument Pack Connector End View (C0233)
        • Lamp-Ashtray Connector End View (C2322)
        • Lamp-Automatic Gearbox Selector Indicator Connector End View (C0245)
        • Lamp-Brake-High Mounted Connector End View (C0613)
        • Lamp-Direction Indicator Hazard Warning-Front-LH Connector End View (C0001)
        • Lamp-Direction Indicator Hazard Warning-Front-RH Connector End View (C0002)
        • Lamp-Door Sill-Front-LH Connector End View (C1795)
        • Lamp-Door Sill-Front-RH Connector End View (C1794)
        • Lamp-Fog-Front-LH Connector End View (C0514)
        • Lamp-Fog-Front-RH Connector End View (C0513)
        • Lamp-Footwell-Front-LH Connector End View (C0077)
        • Lamp-Footwell-Front-RH Connector End View (C0076)
        • Lamp-Glove Box Connector End View (C0227)
        • Lamp-Interior-Front Connector End View (C0355)
        • Lamp-Interior-Rear Connector End View (C0357)
        • Lamp-Load Space-LH Connector End View (C0120)
        • Lamp-Load Space-RH Connector End View (C0119)
        • Lamp-Load Space-RH Connector End View (C2047)
        • Lamp-Number Plate And Tail Door Switch Connector End View (C1495)
        • Lamp-Puddle-Front Connector End View (C2210)
        • Lamp-Puddle-Rear Connector End View (C2212)
        • Lamp-Reverse-LH Connector End View (C0472)
        • Lamp-Reverse-RH Connector End View (C0455)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Front-LH Connector End View (C0917)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Front-RH Connector End View (C0916)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0919)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0918)
        • Lamp-Side Repeater-Front-LH Connector End View (C0013)
        • Lamp-Side Repeater-Front-RH Connector End View (C0012)
        • Lamp-Side-Front-LH Connector End View (C0538)
        • Lamp-Side-Front-RH Connector End View (C0537)
        • Lamp-Tail-LH Connector End View (C0121)
        • Lamp-Tail-RH Connector End View (C0125)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2333)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2334)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2335)
        • Link Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1516)
        • Main Harness To Air Conditioning (A/C) Harness Connector End View (C0786)
        • Main Harness To Air Conditioning (A/C) Harness Connector End View (C0839)
        • Main Harness To Air Suspension Harness Connector End View (C0333)
        • Main Harness To Console Harness Connector End View (C0868)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0435)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0436)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0459)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0463)
        • Main Harness To Engine Harness Connector End View (C0448)
        • Main Harness To Engine Harness Connector End View (C0449)
        • Main Harness To Link Harness Connector End View (C1023)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C0981)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C0982)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C1693)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C2478)
        • Main Harness To Seat Harness Connector End View (C0253)
        • Main Harness To Seat Harness Connector End View (C0255)
        • Main Harness To SRS Harness Connector End View (C1704)
        • Main Harness To Tail Door Harness Connector End View (C0117)
        • Main Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C2045)
        • Main Harness To Trailer Harness Connector End View (C0473)
        • Microphone-Telephone Connector End View (C1303)
        • Mirror-Door-Driver Side Connector End View (C0352)
        • Mirror-Door-Passenger Side Connector End View (C0353)
        • Mirror-Interior Connector End View (C0698)
        • Mirror-Vanity-LH Connector End View (C0737)
        • Mirror-Vanity-RH Connector End View (C0736)
        • Module-Drivers Door Connector End View (C2017)
        • Module-Drivers Door Connector End View (C2058)
        • Module-Gateway Connector End View (C2531)
        • Module-Head Unit Connector End View (C1354)
        • Module-HEVAC Control Connector End View (C1629)
        • Module-HEVAC Control Connector End View (C1630)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C0937)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C2039)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C2040)
        • Module-Passenger Door Connector End View (C2016)
        • Module-Passenger Door Connector End View (C2057)
        • Module-Rear Seat Entertainment Connector End View (C2109)
        • Module-Rear Seat Entertainment Connector End View (C2492)
        • Module-Telephone Connector End View (C0947)
        • Module-Telephone Connector End View (C2496)
        • Module-Trailer Electric Brake Connector End View (C2590)
        • Module-Tuner-DAB/SDARS Connector End View (C2158)
        • Motor-CDL-Tailgate-Lower-RH Connector End View (C2052)
        • Motor-Central Door Locking-Driver Connector End View (C1449)
        • Motor-Central Door Locking-Passenger Connector End View (C1451)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1395)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1396)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1397)
        • Motor-Column-Telescope Connector End View (C1394)
        • Motor-Door Lock-Rear Connector End View (C0442)
        • Motor-Lock-Tail Door Connector End View (C0383)
        • Motor-Lock-Tail Door Connector End View (C0617)
        • Motor-Window-Driver Connector End View (C0740)
        • Motor-Window-Passenger Connector End View (C0741)
        • Motor-Window-Rear Connector End View (C0304)
        • Motor-Wiper-Headlamp-LH Connector End View (C1340)
        • Motor-Wiper-Headlamp-RH Connector End View (C1341)
        • Motor-Wiper-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0388)
        • Motor-Wiper-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0835)
        • Motor-Wiper-Windscreen Connector End View (C0030)
        • Panel-AVI Connector End View (C2226)
        • Passenger Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0322)
        • PDC Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2003)
        • Pump-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0873)
        • Pump-Fuel Burning Heater (FBH) Connector End View (C0920)
        • Pump-Fuel Connector End View (C0114)
        • Pump-Fuel Connector End View (C0205)
        • Pump-Leak Detection Connector End View (C1339)
        • Pump-Power Wash Connector End View (C1342)
        • Pump-Return-ABS Connector End View (C0507)
        • Pump-Washer-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0021)
        • Pump-Washer-Windscreen Connector End View (C0008)
        • Pump-Water Connector End View (C2035)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2214)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2215)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2216)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2217)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0389)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0395)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1694)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2476)
        • Receiver-Fuel Burning Heater Connector End View (C2046)
        • Receiver-Radio Frequency (RF) Connector End View (C0674)
        • Receiver-TMC Connector End View (C2669)
        • Receiver-VICS Connector End View (C1453)
        • Relay-Headlamp Wash/Wipe Connector End View (C2031)
        • Relay-Headlamp Wash/Wipe Connector End View (C2733)
        • Relay-Heated Front Screen Connector End View (C0994)
        • Relay-Interlock Connector End View (C1455)
        • Relay-Steering Column Connector End View (C1392)
        • Relay-Trailer Socket Connector End View (C1331)
        • Rotary Coupler Connector End View (C0082)
        • Rotary Coupler Connector End View (C0374)
        • Sensor-ABS-Front-LH Connector End View (C0516)
        • Sensor-ABS-Front-RH Connector End View (C0517)
        • Sensor-ABS-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0502)
        • Sensor-ABS-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0503)
        • Sensor-Air Temperature Control (ATC) Connector End View (C1548)
        • Sensor-Airbag-Side-LH Connector End View (C0950)
        • Sensor-Airbag-Side-RH Connector End View (C0951)
        • Sensor-Ambient Air Temperature Connector End View (C0884)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Driver Connector End View (C0599)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Passenger Connector End View (C0600)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2015)
        • Sensor-Engine Coolant Level Connector End View (C0147)
        • Sensor-Height-Front-LH Connector End View (C1696)
        • Sensor-Height-Front-RH Connector End View (C1697)
        • Sensor-Height-Rear-LH Connector End View (C1699)
        • Sensor-Height-Rear-RH Connector End View (C1698)
        • Sensor-Key In Connector End View (C0672)
        • Sensor-Low Washer Fluid Level Connector End View (C0620)
        • Sensor-Pad Wear Connector End View (C0050)
        • Sensor-Pad Wear Connector End View (C0968)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Front-LH Connector End View (C0400)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Front-RH Connector End View (C0401)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0964)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0965)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Front-LH Connector End View (C0402)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Front-RH Connector End View (C0403)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0963)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0966)
        • Sensor-Pressure-Air Connector End View (C1610)
        • Sensor-Pressure-Air Connector End View (C1611)
        • Sensor-Radiator Outlet Temperature Connector End View (C2348)
        • Sensor-Rain Connector End View (C0961)
        • Sensor-Steering Angle Connector End View (C0862)
        • Sensor-Sunlight Connector End View (C0790)
        • Sensor-Temperature-E-Box Connector End View (C2137)
        • Sensor-Throttle Position (TP) Connector End View (C0787)
        • Sensor-Tilt Connector End View (C0960)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Front-LH Connector End View (C2026)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Front-RH Connector End View (C2027)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2028)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2029)
        • Sensor-Volumetric Connector End View (C0359)
        • Socket-Accessory Connector End View (C0942)
        • Socket-Accessory-Front Connector End View (C0350)
        • Socket-Accessory-Rear Connector End View (C1632)
        • Solenoid-Fuel Flap Release Connector End View (C0690)
        • Solenoid-Interlock Connector End View (C0673)
        • Sounder-Alarm-Battery Backed Up Connector End View (C0666)
        • Speaker-Centre Connector End View (C0369)
        • Speaker-Low Range-Front Door-RH Connector End View (C0688)
        • Speaker-Low Range-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0310)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Front Door-LH Connector End View (C2059)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Front Door-RH Connector End View (C2060)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0311)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C0405)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C0987)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C1352)
        • Speaker-Surround-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2503)
        • Speaker-Surround-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2502)
        • Speakers Connector End View (C1546)
        • Speakers-High Range Connector End View (C0530)
        • Speakers-High Range Connector End View (C0531)
        • Speakers-Low Range Connector End View (C0726)
        • Sub-Woofer Connector End View (C0834)
        • Switch Pack-Centre Console Connector End View (C0700)
        • Switch-Bonnet Connector End View (C0007)
        • Switch-Brake Fluid Level Connector End View (C0026)
        • Switch-Brake Pedal Connector End View (C0075)
        • Switch-Command Shift Connector End View (C1664)
        • Switch-Handbrake Connector End View (C0091)
        • Switch-Hazard Warning And CDL Master Connector End View (C0096)
        • Switch-Heater-Seat-LH Connector End View (C1401)
        • Switch-Heater-Seat-RH Connector End View (C1403)
        • Switch-Hill Descent Connector End View (C0365)
        • Switch-Ignition Connector End View (C0028)
        • Switch-Ignition Connector End View (C0099)
        • Switch-Lighting Connector End View (C0041)
        • Switch-Oil Pressure Connector End View (C0187)
        • Switch-Pressure-ABS Connector End View (C2036)
        • Switch-Ride Height-Air Suspension Connector End View (C2186)
        • Switch-Steering Column Connector End View (C1393)
        • Switch-Steering Column-Lighting Connector End View (C1832)
        • Switch-Sunroof-Front Connector End View (C0363)
        • Switch-Tail Door Open Connector End View (C0615)
        • Switch-Transmision-High-Low Connector End View (C0685)
        • Switch-Wash/Wipe-Windscreen Connector End View (C0278)
        • Switch-Window-Rear Connector End View (C0732)
        • Tail Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0384)
        • Telephone Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2066)
        • Telephone Link Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C1644)
        • Telephone Link Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C1646)
        • Trailer Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0499)
        • Unit-Multi Function Display Connector End View (C2819)
        • Unit-Multi Function Display Connector End View (C2825)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0274)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0770)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0771)
        • Valve-Non-Return Connector End View (C2037)
        • Valve-Off-Road-Rear Connector End View (C2033)
        • Valve-Servotronic Connector End View (C2038)
        • Valve-Water Connector End View (C2034)
        • Valve-Water Connector End View (C2326)
        • Washer Jet-Heated Connector End View (C0934)
  • Starter
    • Model Identification
    • Description
    • Service Precautions
      • Disconnecting & Connecting Battery (Discovery II)
      • Disconnecting & Connecting Battery (Range Rover)
    • Symptom Testing
      • Notes
      • Starter Solenoid Does Not Click & Engine Does Not Crank
        • Discovery II
        • Range Rover
      • Starter Solenoid Clicks, But Engine Does Not Crank Or Cranks Slowly
    • Bench Testing
    • Removal & Installation
      • Starter Motor
        • Removal (Discovery II)
        • Installation (Discovery II)
        • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Installation (Range Rover)
    • Overhaul
    • Torque Specifications
    • Wiring Diagrams
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • Accelerometer Connector End View (C0195)
        • Air Bag-Passenger Connector End View (C0251)
        • Air Suspension Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0420)
        • Airbag-ITS-Front-LH Connector End View (C1477)
        • Airbag-ITS-Front-RH Connector End View (C1478)
        • Airbag-ITS-Rear-LH Connector End View (C1474)
        • Airbag-ITS-Rear-RH Connector End View (C1475)
        • Airbag-Side-Driver Connector End View (C1499)
        • Airbag-Side-Passenger Connector End View (C1498)
        • Amplifier-Aerial Connector End View (C0022)
        • Amplifier-Antenna-FM Connector End View (C1237)
        • Amplifier-Antenna-FM Connector End View (C1238)
        • Amplifier-Logic 7 Connector End View (C2414)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0491)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0492)
        • Amplifier-Power-ICE Connector End View (C0493)
        • Antenna-Telephone Connector End View (C2890)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0234)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0660)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0661)
        • Body Control Unit (BCU) Connector End View (C0662)
        • Camera-Rear View Connector End View (C2788)
        • CD Auto Changer Connector End View (C0941)
        • Cigar Lighter Connector End View (C0086)
        • Cigar Lighter Connector End View (C0089)
        • Cigar Lighter-Rear Connector End View (C1594)
        • Cigar Lighter-Rear Connector End View (C1595)
        • Clock-Analogue Connector End View (C0232)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C0127)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C2352)
        • Clutch-Compressor-Air Conditioning (A/C) Connector End View (C2353)
        • Coil-Transponder Connector End View (C0049)
        • Companion Connector End View (C2685)
        • Console Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0903)
        • Cooling Fan Connector End View (C0005)
        • DCU-Airbag Connector End View (C0256)
        • Diagnostic Socket Connector End View (C0040)
        • Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0336)
        • Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0803)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2102)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2114)
        • DVD Player Connector End View (C2832)
        • ECU-ABS Connector End View (C0506)
        • ECU-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0867)
        • ECU-Air Suspension Connector End View (C2030)
        • ECU-Delay-Windscreen Wiper Connector End View (C0546)
        • ECU-Electronic Automatic Transmission Connector End View (C0193)
        • ECU-Engine Immobilisation Connector End View (C0059)
        • ECU-Interlock-Steering Column Connector End View (C2055)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C0957)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C0958)
        • ECU-Park-Distance Control Connector End View (C1457)
        • ECU-Sunroof-1 Connector End View (C0784)
        • ECU-Trailer Connector End View (C0380)
        • ECU-Transfer Box Connector End View (C1319)
        • ECU-Tyre Pressure Monitoring Connector End View (C1537)
        • Eject Box-Telephone Connector End View (C1252)
        • Engine Control Module (ECM) Connector End View (C0331)
        • Fan-E-Box Connector End View (C0646)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0580)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0581)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0583)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0584)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0585)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0586)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0587)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0588)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0589)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0590)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0591)
        • Fuse Box-Passenger Compartment Connector End View (C0592)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2020)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2021)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2022)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2023)
        • Fuse Box-Rear Connector End View (C2024)
        • Head Unit-Integrated Connector End View (C2105)
        • Head Unit-Integrated Connector End View (C2115)
        • Headlamp-LH Connector End View (C0009)
        • Headlamp-RH Connector End View (C0011)
        • Heated Rear Window (HRW) Connector End View (C0381)
        • Heated Rear Window (HRW) Connector End View (C0382)
        • Heated Screen-Front Connector End View (C0246)
        • Heated Screen-Front Connector End View (C0247)
        • Heater Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1898)
        • Heater-Cushion-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2042)
        • Heater-Cushion-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2043)
        • Heater-Fuel Burning Connector End View (C0925)
        • Heater-Fuel Burning Connector End View (C0926)
        • Heater-Seat Connector End View (C0249)
        • Heater-Washer Jet-LH Connector End View (C0946)
        • Heater-Wiper Blade Connector End View (C2051)
        • Heater-Wiper Blade Connector End View (C2081)
        • Horn (s) Connector End View (C0003)
        • Horn (s) Connector End View (C0004)
        • Illumination-Heater Control-LH Connector End View (C1294)
        • Illumination-Heater Control-RH Connector End View (C1295)
        • Instrument Pack Connector End View (C0230)
        • Instrument Pack Connector End View (C0233)
        • Lamp-Ashtray Connector End View (C2322)
        • Lamp-Automatic Gearbox Selector Indicator Connector End View (C0245)
        • Lamp-Brake-High Mounted Connector End View (C0613)
        • Lamp-Direction Indicator Hazard Warning-Front-LH Connector End View (C0001)
        • Lamp-Direction Indicator Hazard Warning-Front-RH Connector End View (C0002)
        • Lamp-Door Sill-Front-LH Connector End View (C1795)
        • Lamp-Door Sill-Front-RH Connector End View (C1794)
        • Lamp-Fog-Front-LH Connector End View (C0514)
        • Lamp-Fog-Front-RH Connector End View (C0513)
        • Lamp-Footwell-Front-LH Connector End View (C0077)
        • Lamp-Footwell-Front-RH Connector End View (C0076)
        • Lamp-Glove Box Connector End View (C0227)
        • Lamp-Interior-Front Connector End View (C0355)
        • Lamp-Interior-Rear Connector End View (C0357)
        • Lamp-Load Space-LH Connector End View (C0120)
        • Lamp-Load Space-RH Connector End View (C0119)
        • Lamp-Load Space-RH Connector End View (C2047)
        • Lamp-Number Plate And Tail Door Switch Connector End View (C1495)
        • Lamp-Puddle-Front Connector End View (C2210)
        • Lamp-Puddle-Rear Connector End View (C2212)
        • Lamp-Reverse-LH Connector End View (C0472)
        • Lamp-Reverse-RH Connector End View (C0455)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Front-LH Connector End View (C0917)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Front-RH Connector End View (C0916)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0919)
        • Lamp-Side Marker-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0918)
        • Lamp-Side Repeater-Front-LH Connector End View (C0013)
        • Lamp-Side Repeater-Front-RH Connector End View (C0012)
        • Lamp-Side-Front-LH Connector End View (C0538)
        • Lamp-Side-Front-RH Connector End View (C0537)
        • Lamp-Tail-LH Connector End View (C0121)
        • Lamp-Tail-RH Connector End View (C0125)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2333)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2334)
        • LED-Door Connector End View (C2335)
        • Link Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1516)
        • Main Harness To Air Conditioning (A/C) Harness Connector End View (C0786)
        • Main Harness To Air Conditioning (A/C) Harness Connector End View (C0839)
        • Main Harness To Air Suspension Harness Connector End View (C0333)
        • Main Harness To Console Harness Connector End View (C0868)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0435)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0436)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0459)
        • Main Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C0463)
        • Main Harness To Engine Harness Connector End View (C0448)
        • Main Harness To Engine Harness Connector End View (C0449)
        • Main Harness To Link Harness Connector End View (C1023)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C0981)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C0982)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C1693)
        • Main Harness To Radio Harness Connector End View (C2478)
        • Main Harness To Seat Harness Connector End View (C0253)
        • Main Harness To Seat Harness Connector End View (C0255)
        • Main Harness To SRS Harness Connector End View (C1704)
        • Main Harness To Tail Door Harness Connector End View (C0117)
        • Main Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C2045)
        • Main Harness To Trailer Harness Connector End View (C0473)
        • Microphone-Telephone Connector End View (C1303)
        • Mirror-Door-Driver Side Connector End View (C0352)
        • Mirror-Door-Passenger Side Connector End View (C0353)
        • Mirror-Interior Connector End View (C0698)
        • Mirror-Vanity-LH Connector End View (C0737)
        • Mirror-Vanity-RH Connector End View (C0736)
        • Module-Drivers Door Connector End View (C2017)
        • Module-Drivers Door Connector End View (C2058)
        • Module-Gateway Connector End View (C2531)
        • Module-Head Unit Connector End View (C1354)
        • Module-HEVAC Control Connector End View (C1629)
        • Module-HEVAC Control Connector End View (C1630)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C0937)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C2039)
        • Module-Lighting Switch Connector End View (C2040)
        • Module-Passenger Door Connector End View (C2016)
        • Module-Passenger Door Connector End View (C2057)
        • Module-Rear Seat Entertainment Connector End View (C2109)
        • Module-Rear Seat Entertainment Connector End View (C2492)
        • Module-Telephone Connector End View (C0947)
        • Module-Telephone Connector End View (C2496)
        • Module-Trailer Electric Brake Connector End View (C2590)
        • Module-Tuner-DAB/SDARS Connector End View (C2158)
        • Motor-CDL-Tailgate-Lower-RH Connector End View (C2052)
        • Motor-Central Door Locking-Driver Connector End View (C1449)
        • Motor-Central Door Locking-Passenger Connector End View (C1451)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1395)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1396)
        • Motor-Column-Height Connector End View (C1397)
        • Motor-Column-Telescope Connector End View (C1394)
        • Motor-Door Lock-Rear Connector End View (C0442)
        • Motor-Lock-Tail Door Connector End View (C0383)
        • Motor-Lock-Tail Door Connector End View (C0617)
        • Motor-Window-Driver Connector End View (C0740)
        • Motor-Window-Passenger Connector End View (C0741)
        • Motor-Window-Rear Connector End View (C0304)
        • Motor-Wiper-Headlamp-LH Connector End View (C1340)
        • Motor-Wiper-Headlamp-RH Connector End View (C1341)
        • Motor-Wiper-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0388)
        • Motor-Wiper-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0835)
        • Motor-Wiper-Windscreen Connector End View (C0030)
        • Panel-AVI Connector End View (C2226)
        • Passenger Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0322)
        • PDC Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2003)
        • Pump-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0873)
        • Pump-Fuel Burning Heater (FBH) Connector End View (C0920)
        • Pump-Fuel Connector End View (C0114)
        • Pump-Fuel Connector End View (C0205)
        • Pump-Leak Detection Connector End View (C1339)
        • Pump-Power Wash Connector End View (C1342)
        • Pump-Return-ABS Connector End View (C0507)
        • Pump-Washer-Rear Screen Connector End View (C0021)
        • Pump-Washer-Windscreen Connector End View (C0008)
        • Pump-Water Connector End View (C2035)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2214)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2215)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2216)
        • Radio Harness To Door Harness Connector End View (C2217)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0389)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0395)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C1694)
        • Radio Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2476)
        • Receiver-Fuel Burning Heater Connector End View (C2046)
        • Receiver-Radio Frequency (RF) Connector End View (C0674)
        • Receiver-TMC Connector End View (C2669)
        • Receiver-VICS Connector End View (C1453)
        • Relay-Headlamp Wash/Wipe Connector End View (C2031)
        • Relay-Headlamp Wash/Wipe Connector End View (C2733)
        • Relay-Heated Front Screen Connector End View (C0994)
        • Relay-Interlock Connector End View (C1455)
        • Relay-Steering Column Connector End View (C1392)
        • Relay-Trailer Socket Connector End View (C1331)
        • Rotary Coupler Connector End View (C0082)
        • Rotary Coupler Connector End View (C0374)
        • Sensor-ABS-Front-LH Connector End View (C0516)
        • Sensor-ABS-Front-RH Connector End View (C0517)
        • Sensor-ABS-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0502)
        • Sensor-ABS-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0503)
        • Sensor-Air Temperature Control (ATC) Connector End View (C1548)
        • Sensor-Airbag-Side-LH Connector End View (C0950)
        • Sensor-Airbag-Side-RH Connector End View (C0951)
        • Sensor-Ambient Air Temperature Connector End View (C0884)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Driver Connector End View (C0599)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Passenger Connector End View (C0600)
        • Sensor-Anti-Trap-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2015)
        • Sensor-Engine Coolant Level Connector End View (C0147)
        • Sensor-Height-Front-LH Connector End View (C1696)
        • Sensor-Height-Front-RH Connector End View (C1697)
        • Sensor-Height-Rear-LH Connector End View (C1699)
        • Sensor-Height-Rear-RH Connector End View (C1698)
        • Sensor-Key In Connector End View (C0672)
        • Sensor-Low Washer Fluid Level Connector End View (C0620)
        • Sensor-Pad Wear Connector End View (C0050)
        • Sensor-Pad Wear Connector End View (C0968)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Front-LH Connector End View (C0400)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Front-RH Connector End View (C0401)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0964)
        • Sensor-PDC-Inner-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0965)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Front-LH Connector End View (C0402)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Front-RH Connector End View (C0403)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Rear-LH Connector End View (C0963)
        • Sensor-PDC-Outer-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0966)
        • Sensor-Pressure-Air Connector End View (C1610)
        • Sensor-Pressure-Air Connector End View (C1611)
        • Sensor-Radiator Outlet Temperature Connector End View (C2348)
        • Sensor-Rain Connector End View (C0961)
        • Sensor-Steering Angle Connector End View (C0862)
        • Sensor-Sunlight Connector End View (C0790)
        • Sensor-Temperature-E-Box Connector End View (C2137)
        • Sensor-Throttle Position (TP) Connector End View (C0787)
        • Sensor-Tilt Connector End View (C0960)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Front-LH Connector End View (C2026)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Front-RH Connector End View (C2027)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2028)
        • Sensor-Tyre-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2029)
        • Sensor-Volumetric Connector End View (C0359)
        • Socket-Accessory Connector End View (C0942)
        • Socket-Accessory-Front Connector End View (C0350)
        • Socket-Accessory-Rear Connector End View (C1632)
        • Solenoid-Fuel Flap Release Connector End View (C0690)
        • Solenoid-Interlock Connector End View (C0673)
        • Sounder-Alarm-Battery Backed Up Connector End View (C0666)
        • Speaker-Centre Connector End View (C0369)
        • Speaker-Low Range-Front Door-RH Connector End View (C0688)
        • Speaker-Low Range-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0310)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Front Door-LH Connector End View (C2059)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Front Door-RH Connector End View (C2060)
        • Speaker-Mid Range-Rear-RH Connector End View (C0311)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C0405)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C0987)
        • Speaker-PDC Connector End View (C1352)
        • Speaker-Surround-Rear-LH Connector End View (C2503)
        • Speaker-Surround-Rear-RH Connector End View (C2502)
        • Speakers Connector End View (C1546)
        • Speakers-High Range Connector End View (C0530)
        • Speakers-High Range Connector End View (C0531)
        • Speakers-Low Range Connector End View (C0726)
        • Sub-Woofer Connector End View (C0834)
        • Switch Pack-Centre Console Connector End View (C0700)
        • Switch-Bonnet Connector End View (C0007)
        • Switch-Brake Fluid Level Connector End View (C0026)
        • Switch-Brake Pedal Connector End View (C0075)
        • Switch-Command Shift Connector End View (C1664)
        • Switch-Handbrake Connector End View (C0091)
        • Switch-Hazard Warning And CDL Master Connector End View (C0096)
        • Switch-Heater-Seat-LH Connector End View (C1401)
        • Switch-Heater-Seat-RH Connector End View (C1403)
        • Switch-Hill Descent Connector End View (C0365)
        • Switch-Ignition Connector End View (C0028)
        • Switch-Ignition Connector End View (C0099)
        • Switch-Lighting Connector End View (C0041)
        • Switch-Oil Pressure Connector End View (C0187)
        • Switch-Pressure-ABS Connector End View (C2036)
        • Switch-Ride Height-Air Suspension Connector End View (C2186)
        • Switch-Steering Column Connector End View (C1393)
        • Switch-Steering Column-Lighting Connector End View (C1832)
        • Switch-Sunroof-Front Connector End View (C0363)
        • Switch-Tail Door Open Connector End View (C0615)
        • Switch-Transmision-High-Low Connector End View (C0685)
        • Switch-Wash/Wipe-Windscreen Connector End View (C0278)
        • Switch-Window-Rear Connector End View (C0732)
        • Tail Door Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0384)
        • Telephone Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C2066)
        • Telephone Link Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C1644)
        • Telephone Link Harness To Telephone Harness Connector End View (C1646)
        • Trailer Harness To Main Harness Connector End View (C0499)
        • Unit-Multi Function Display Connector End View (C2819)
        • Unit-Multi Function Display Connector End View (C2825)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0274)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0770)
        • Valve Block-Air Suspension Connector End View (C0771)
        • Valve-Non-Return Connector End View (C2037)
        • Valve-Off-Road-Rear Connector End View (C2033)
        • Valve-Servotronic Connector End View (C2038)
        • Valve-Water Connector End View (C2034)
        • Valve-Water Connector End View (C2326)
        • Washer Jet-Heated Connector End View (C0934)
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Anti-Theft
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cooling Fan
      • Cruise Control
      • Defoggers
      • Electronic Suspension
      • Engine Performance
        • 4.6L
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Memory Systems
      • Navigation
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Seats
      • Power Top/Sunroof
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlocks
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
      • Trunk, Tailgate, Fuel Door
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Engine Mechanical
  • Accessory Drive Belts
    • Drive Belt Routing, Cooling System Draining & Refilling, & Specifications
      • Engine Identification
      • Component Locations
      • Draining & Refilling Cooling System
        • Notes
        • Discovery II
          • Draining
          • Refill
        • Range Rover
          • Drain
          • Refill
      • Trouble Shooting
        • Notes
        • Cooling System Faults
        • Engine (Coolant) Cooling System
          • Symptom - Engine Overheating
          • Symptom - Engine Runs Cold
        • Engine Oil Cooling System
        • Transmission Oil Cooling System
      • Adjustments
        • Belt Adjustment
        • Drive Belt Routing
          • Routing Illustrations
      • Specifications
        • Cooling System Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
  • Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
    • Emission Control System Visual Inspection Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Emission Control Labels
      • Emission Control Visual Inspection
        • Notes
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV)
        • Thermostatic Air Cleaner (TAC)
        • Fuel Evaporative System (EVAP)
        • Catalytic Converters
          • Oxidation Catalyst (OC)
          • Three-Way Catalyst (TWC)
          • Three-Way Catalyst + Oxidation Catalyst (TWC + OC)
        • Fill Pipe RESTRICTOR (Fr)
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION (EGR) System
          • Single Diaphragm EGR Valve
          • Dual Diaphragm EGR Valve
          • Positive Backpressure EGR (BP/EGR) Valve
          • Negative Backpressure EGR (BP/EGR) Valve
          • Digital EGR Valve
          • Integrated Electronic EGR Valve
        • Spark Controls (SPK)
        • Air Injection System (AIS)
          • Air Pump Injection System (AP)
          • Pulsed Secondary Air Injection (PAIR) System
        • Oxygen Sensor (O2)
        • Computerized Engine Controls (CEC)
        • Early Fuel Evaporation (EFE)
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Light (EMR) (If Equipped)
        • Malfunction Indicator Light (Mil)
  • Cooling Fan
    • Cooling Fan
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Cooling Fan - Td6
    • Cooling Fans - Range Rover -4.6L
      • Description & Operation
        • Condenser Cooling Fans
          • Notes
          • A/C Dual Pressure Switch
          • A/C Single Pressure Switch
      • Service Precautions
        • Battery Disconnecting & Connecting
          • Notes
          • Disconnecting & Connecting
          • Back-Up Battery
      • System Tests
        • Condenser Fan Motor Inoperative Or Slow Running
        • Condenser Fan Motor &/Or Condenser Vibration
      • Removal & Installation
        • Cooling Fans
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Bumper
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Grille
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
  • Cooling System (Mechanical)
    • Drive Belt Routing, Cooling System Draining & Refilling, & Specifications
      • Engine Identification
      • Component Locations
      • Draining & Refilling Cooling System
        • Notes
        • Discovery II
          • Draining
          • Refill
        • Range Rover
          • Drain
          • Refill
      • Trouble Shooting
        • Notes
        • Cooling System Faults
        • Engine (Coolant) Cooling System
          • Symptom - Engine Overheating
          • Symptom - Engine Runs Cold
        • Engine Oil Cooling System
        • Transmission Oil Cooling System
      • Adjustments
        • Belt Adjustment
        • Drive Belt Routing
          • Routing Illustrations
      • Specifications
        • Cooling System Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
  • Fuel System
    • Fuel Pump
      • Description
        • Td6
        • V8
      • Operation
        • Td6
          • Power Distribution
          • ECM Relay
          • Fuel Pump Relay
  • Mechanical
    • 4.0L & 4.6L V8
      • Engine Identification
      • Adjustments
        • Valve Clearance Adjustment
          • Intake & Exhaust Valves
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Fuel Pressure Release
        • Engine
          • Removal (Discovery)
          • Installation (Discovery)
          • Removal (Discovery II)
          • Installation (Discovery II)
          • Removal (Range Rover)
          • Installation (Range Rover)
        • Camshaft
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Crankshaft Pulley & Front Oil Seal
          • Removal & Installation
        • Cylinder Head
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Exhaust Manifold
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery & Range Rover)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
        • Intake Manifold (Lower)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery & Range Rover)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
        • Intake Manifold (Upper)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery & Range Rover)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
        • Oil Pan
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
          • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Rear Crankshaft Oil Seal
          • Removal & Installation
        • Timing Cover
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery & Range Rover)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
        • Timing Chain & Gears
          • Removal & Installation
        • Water Pump
      • Overhaul
        • Cylinder Block Assembly
          • Connecting Rod Bearings
          • Crankshaft And Main Bearings
          • Cylinder Block
          • Piston & Rod Assembly
          • Fitting Pistons & Rings
          • Piston Pin Replacement
        • Cylinder Head
          • Cylinder Head
          • Valves
          • Valve Guides
          • Valve Seats
          • Valve Springs
        • Valve Train
          • Notes
          • Rocker Arm Shaft Assembly
      • Engine Oiling
        • Engine Lubrication System
          • Notes
          • Crankcase Capacity
          • Oil Pressure
        • Oil Pump
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery & Range Rover)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
          • Inspection (Discovery & Range Rover)
      • Torque Specifications
        • Torque Specifications (Discovery & Range Rover)
        • Torque Specifications (Discovery II)
        • Standard Torque Specifications
      • Engine Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Crankshaft, Main & Connecting Rod Bearings
        • Connecting Rods
        • Engine Pistons, Pins & Piston Rings
        • Cylinder Block
        • Engine Valves & Valve Springs
        • Cylinder Head
        • Camshaft
        • FLEXPLATE & Flywheel (Discovery & Range Rover)
    • Torque Specifications - 4.6L V8
      • Torque Specifications
  • Starter
    • Model Identification
    • Description
    • Service Precautions
      • Disconnecting & Connecting Battery (Discovery II)
      • Disconnecting & Connecting Battery (Range Rover)
    • Symptom Testing
      • Notes
      • Starter Solenoid Does Not Click & Engine Does Not Crank
        • Discovery II
        • Range Rover
      • Starter Solenoid Clicks, But Engine Does Not Crank Or Cranks Slowly
    • Bench Testing
    • Removal & Installation
      • Starter Motor
        • Removal (Discovery II)
        • Installation (Discovery II)
        • Removal & Installation (Range Rover)
        • Installation (Range Rover)
    • Overhaul
    • Torque Specifications
    • Wiring Diagrams
• Engine Performance
  • Engine Controls - On-Vehicle Adjustments
    • Engine Mechanical
    • Valve Clearance
    • Ignition Timing
      • Ignition Timing
    • Idle Speed & Mixture
      • Notes
      • Base Idle Speed
      • Idle Mixture
    • Cable Adjustment
      • Cruise Control Cable Adjustment
        • Notes
        • Discovery
        • Range Rover
      • Throttle Cable Adjustment
        • Discovery & Range Rover
        • Freelander
  • Application
    • Introduction
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Engine/VIN Identification
        • Model/Year VIN Code Applications
        • Engine Code Location
  • Emissions
    • Emission Applications
      • Emission Applications
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
  • Fuel Delivery
    • Fuel Pump
      • Description
        • Td6
        • V8
      • Operation
        • Td6
          • Power Distribution
          • ECM Relay
          • Fuel Pump Relay
  • Mode 6 Data - BOSCH M5.2.1 Engine Management
    • Introduction
    • Mode $06 Data - In Accordance With Sae J1979
      • Description
      • TID $00
        • TID Services
      • TID $01
        • Catalyst Conversion
      • TID $02
        • O2 Sensors
      • TID $03
        • Secondary Air Injection System
      • TID $04
        • Exhaust Gas Recirculation
      • TID $05
        • EVAP System - Large Leak
        • EVAP System - Small Leak
        • DMTL Module
      • TID $06
        • O2 Sensor Heating
      • TID $07
        • Catalyst Heater
      • TID $08
        • Camshaft Shift
      • TID $09
        • Thermostat Diagnosis
      • Parameter Descriptions
  • Engine Controls - Pin Voltage Charts
    • Introduction
    • Testing (Pin Voltage Tests)
      • Notes
      • Disconnecting Battery
        • Notes
        • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
      • Disconnecting ECM Connectors
        • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
    • Identification
      • Notes
      • Connector Identification
      • ECM Pin Identification
        • Notes
        • Connector C0634
        • Connector C0635
        • Connector C0636
        • Connector C0637
        • Connector C0638
  • Remove, Overhaul & Install
    • Removal & Installation
      • Vehicle Identification
      • Adjustments
        • Cable - Throttle
        • Cable - Cruise Control
      • Removal & Installation
        • Spark Plugs
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Coil - Ignition
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Engine Control Module (ECM)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sensor - Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sensor - Crankshaft Position (CKP)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sensor - Radiator Temperature
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sensor - Camshaft Position (CMP)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Knock Sensor (KS)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Air Cleaner Assembly
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Element - Air Filter
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Cable - Throttle
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sensor - Mass Air Flow (MAF)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Throttle Body
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Plenum Chamber
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Sensor - Throttle Position (TP)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Valve - Idle Air Control (IACV)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Injectors
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Actuator - Cruise Control
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Vacuum Control Unit - Up To 03 My
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Vacuum Control Unit - From 03 My
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Cable - Cruise Control
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Switch - Cruise Control (On/Off)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Switch - Cruise Control (Set/Resume)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Switch - Clutch Pedal - Cruise Control
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Ecu - Cruise Control
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Torque Specifications
  • Sensor Range Charts
    • Engine Controls - Sensor Operating Range Charts
      • Introduction
  • Specifications
    • Engine Controls - Service & Adjustment Specifications (Discovery, FREELANDER & Range Rover)
      • Introduction
      • Capacities
      • Quick-Service
        • Service Intervals & Specifications
        • Drive Belt Inspection
      • Mechanical Checks
        • Engine Compression
        • Valve Clearance
      • Ignition System
        • Notes
        • Ignition Coil
        • Spark Plugs
        • Firing Order
          • Firing Order (Discovery)
          • Firing Order (Freelander)
          • Firing Order (Range Rover)
        • Ignition Timing
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Pressure
        • Fuel Injector Resistance
        • Idle Speed & Mixture
          • Notes
          • Base Idle Speed
          • Idle Mixture
        • Throttle Position Sensor
    • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
      • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
        • Notes
        • 4 Cylinder Engine
        • 6 Cylinder Engine
          • 3.2L In-Line 6 Engine
          • 2.5L V6 Engine
          • 3.0L S/C V6 Petrol
          • 3.0L Diesel V6
          • 4.0L V6 Engine
        • V8 Engines
          • 4.0L & 4.6L V8 Engines
          • 4.4L V8 Engines (2003-04), (2005 Range Rover VIN 1), (2022-)
          • 4.2L S/C & 4.4L V8 Engines (2005 LR3 VIN 5), (2006-13)
          • 5.0L & 5.0L S/C V8 Engine
          • Diagnostic Tool Cylinder Firing Order
  • System
    • Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures
      • Introduction
      • Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
        • Visual Inspection
        • Mechanical Inspection
          • Compression
          • Exhaust System Backpressure
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Pressure
          • Notes
          • Relieving Fuel Pressure
          • Regulated Fuel Pressure
        • Fuel Injector Resistance
      • Ignition Checks
        • Notes
        • Spark
        • Ignition Coil Resistance
      • Idle Speed & Mixture
        • Notes
        • Base Idle Speed
        • Idle Mixture
      • Ignition Timing
        • Ignition Timing
      • Summary
    • Engine Controls - Self-Diagnostics - With Codes
      • Introduction
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Failures
          • Hard Failures
          • Intermittent Failures
        • Freeze Frame Data
        • Malfunction Indicator Lights
        • Service Precautions
          • Notes
          • Vehicle Security System
        • Retrieving Codes
          • Notes
          • Using Land Rover TestBook/T4
          • Using Generic Scan Tool
        • Clearing Codes
        • Relieving Fuel Pressure
          • Notes
          • Discovery
          • Range Rover
      • Test Equipment
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Identification
      • Connector Identification
        • Data Link Connector (DLC) Location
        • ECM Connector Identification
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • Notes
        • Repair Procedure
        • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle
          • Notes
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "A"
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "B"
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "C"
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "D"
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "E"
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "F"
        • DTC P0100 & P0101: Mass Or Volume Airflow Circuit
          • Description
        • DTC P0102 & P0103: Mass Or Volume Airflow Circuit Low/High Input
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0111, P0112 & P0113: Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor Circuit
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0115, P0116, P0117 & P0118: Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor Circuit
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0120, P0122 & P0123: Throttle Position (TP) Sensor Circuit
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0130-P0138, P0140-P0141, P0150-P0158, P0160-P161, P1129, P1170 & P1173: Ho2S Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0170-P0175, P1171-P1172 & P1174-P1175: Fuel Trim Malfunction, System Too Lean Or Rich
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0201-P0208, P0261-P0262, P0264-P0265, P0267-P0268, P0270-P0271, P0273-P0274, P0276-P0277, P0279-P0280, & P0282-P0283: Fuel Injector Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0300-P0308, P1300-P1308 & P1319: Misfire Detected In One Or More Cylinders
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0325, P0327-P0328, P0330 & P0332-P0333: Knock Sensor (KS) Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0335 & P0336: Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0340: Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor Malfunction
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0412-P0414 & P0418: Secondary Air Injection (SAI) Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0420 & P0430: Catalytic Converter Efficiency Low
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
        • DTC P0440-P0441, P0443-P0445: EVAP Control System Purge Control Valve Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0442 & P0455: EVAP Control System Leak Detected
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0446-P0449: EVAP System Vent Control Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0450-P0453: Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0460-P0463: Fuel Level Sensor Malfunction
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0500-P0502: Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Signal Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0505, P1509, P1510, P1513, P1514 & P1550-P1553: Idle Control System Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0560-P0563: Battery & Charging System Voltage Inconsistent
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0600 & P1776: Controller Area Network (Can) Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0601, P0603, P0604, P0606: ECM Data Corrupted
          • Description
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0650: Malfunction Indicator Light (Mil) Control Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0653: Engine Rpm Output Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1129: Primary Ho2S Circuit Malfunction
        • DTC P1170 & P1173: Downstream Fuel Trim Malfunction
        • DTC P1171 & P1172: System Too Lean Or Rich (Bank 1)
        • DTC P1174-P1175: System Too Lean Or Rich (Bank 2)
        • DTC P1230-P1232: Fuel Pump Relay Malfunction
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1300-P1308 & P1319: Misfire Detected
        • DTC P1412-P1417: Secondary Air Injection (SAI) System Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1509, P1510, P1513 & P1514: Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve Opening Stepper Motor Malfunction
        • DTC P1535-P1538: A/C Compressor Request Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1550-P1553: Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve Closing Stepper Motor Malfunction
        • DTC P1590-P1592: Abs - Rough Road Signal Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1663-P1665: Throttle Angle/Torque Signal Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1666-1668 & P1672-P1674: Engine Anti-Theft Signal Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1669-P1671: ECM Cooling Fan Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1700-P1703 & P1708: Transfer Case Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnosis & Repair
    • Engine Controls - Self-Diagnostics - Without Codes
      • Vehicle Identification
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes & Freeze Frames
        • System Interfaces
        • Inputs & Outputs
          • Inputs
          • Outputs
      • Mode $06 Data - In Accordance With Sae J1979
        • Description
        • TID $00
          • TID Services
        • TID $01
          • Catalyst Conversion
        • TID $02
          • O2 Sensors
        • TID $03
          • Secondary Air Injection System
        • TID $04
          • Exhaust Gas Recirculation
        • TID $05
          • EVAP System - Large Leak
          • EVAP System - Small Leak
          • DMTL Module
        • TID $06
          • O2 Sensor Heating
        • TID $07
          • Catalyst Heater
        • TID $08
          • Camshaft Shift
        • TID $09
          • Thermostat Diagnosis
        • Parameter Descriptions
      • Onboard Monitoring
        • Catalyst Monitoring
          • Description
          • Catalyst Monitoring Structure
            • Computation Of Amplitude Ratio
            • Post Processing
            • Fault Evaluation
            • Check Of Monitoring Conditions
        • Misfire Monitoring
          • Description
          • Misfire Monitoring Structure
            • Data Acquisition
            • Crankshaft Position Sensor Wheel Adaptation
            • Misfire Detection
            • Determination Of Misfiring
            • Statistics, Fault Processing
        • Secondary Air Injection System Monitoring
          • Description
          • Passive Secondary Air Injection Diagnostic
          • Active Secondary Air Injection Diagnostic
        • EVAPORATIVE EMISSION SYSTEM MONITORING - 0.040" (1.0 mm) DIAMETER
          • Description
          • EVAP System Monitoring Structure
        • EVAPORATIVE EMISSION SYSTEM MONITORING - 0.020" (0.5 mm) DIAMETER
          • Description
        • Fuel System Monitoring
          • Description
            • Primary Mixture Control
            • Lambda-Control
            • Adaptive Control
            • Fuel Delivery System Abbreviations
            • Diagnosis of Fuel Delivery System
            • Fuel System Monitoring Structure
        • Oxygen Sensor Monitoring
          • Description
          • Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitoring Description
          • Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitoring Structure
          • Oxygen Sensor Circuit Monitoring
        • Thermostat Monitoring
          • Description
        • Engine Speed & Position Sensor (Crankshaft Sensor)
          • Description
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Description
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Description
        • Mass Airflow Sensor & Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Notes
          • Mass Airflow Sensor
            • Description
          • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
            • Description
        • Knock Sensor
          • Description
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Description
        • Engine Control Module Self Test
          • Description
        • Fuel Level Sensor
          • Description
        • Vehicle Speed Signal
          • Description
        • Power Supplies
          • Description
        • Rough Road Signal
          • Description
        • Transfer Box Malfunction Indicator Lamp Request (Range Rover 38A Only)
          • Description
        • Air Conditioning System (Discovery Series II Only)
          • Description
        • Fuel Injectors
          • Description
        • Idle Speed Control Actuator
          • Description
        • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Description
        • Malfunction Indicator Lamp
          • Description
        • Hill Descent Control Signal - Discovery Series II Only
          • Description
        • Engine Speed Signal
          • Description
        • Environmental-Box Cooling Fan (Range Rover 38A Only)
          • Description
        • Low Range Signal
          • Description
        • Controller Area Network System
          • Description
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation System Monitoring
          • Description
      • OBD Drive Cycle Information
        • Drive Cycles
          • Notes
          • Drive Cycle A
          • Drive Cycle B
          • Drive Cycle C
          • Drive Cycle D
          • Drive Cycle E
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Testing
      • Introduction
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Engine Control Module (ECM)
          • Notes
          • Ground Circuits (Discovery Series II & Range Rover)
          • Power Circuits (Discovery Series II)
          • Power Circuits (Range Rover)
      • Engine Sensors
        • Notes
        • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S)
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
          • Freelander
        • Mass Airflow/Intake Air Temperature (MAF/IAT) Sensor
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Knock Sensor (KS)
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
          • Freelander
      • Motors, Relays & Solenoids
        • Relays
          • Notes
          • Main Relay (Discovery Series II)
          • Main Relay (Range Rover)
          • Fuel Pump Relay (Discovery Series II)
          • Fuel Pump Relay (Range Rover)
        • Solenoids
          • Fuel Injector Solenoids
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Relieving Fuel Pressure
          • Fuel Pressure
          • Fuel Pressure Check
        • Fuel Control
          • Notes
          • Fuel Pump Current Draw
          • Fuel Injector Balance Check
          • Fuel Injector Electrical Check
      • Idle Control System
        • Idle Air Control Valve (IACV)
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
      • Ignition System
        • Notes
        • Timing Control Systems
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • EVAP System
        • Secondary Air Injection (SAI) System
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II
          • Range Rover
      • Miscellaneous Controls
        • Notes
        • A/C Request/Grant Signals
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Transmission
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - No Codes
      • Introduction
      • Symptoms
        • Symptom Diagnosis
        • Engine Does Not Start (Does Not Turn Over)
        • Engine Hard To Start (Engine Turns Over)
        • Engine Hesitates Or Misses
        • Engine Knock
        • Loss Of Power
        • Poor Fuel Mileage
        • Rough Or Unstable Idle
      • INTERMITTENTS
        • Intermittent Problem Diagnosis
        • Test Procedures
          • Intermittent Simulation
  • Testing & Diagnosis
    • Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures
      • Introduction
      • Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
        • Visual Inspection
        • Mechanical Inspection
          • Compression
          • Exhaust System Backpressure
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Pressure
          • Notes
          • Relieving Fuel Pressure
          • Regulated Fuel Pressure
        • Fuel Injector Resistance
      • Ignition Checks
        • Notes
        • Spark
        • Ignition Coil Resistance
      • Idle Speed & Mixture
        • Notes
        • Base Idle Speed
        • Idle Mixture
      • Ignition Timing
        • Ignition Timing
      • Summary
    • Engine Controls - Self-Diagnostics - With Codes
      • Introduction
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Failures
          • Hard Failures
          • Intermittent Failures
        • Freeze Frame Data
        • Malfunction Indicator Lights
        • Service Precautions
          • Notes
          • Vehicle Security System
        • Retrieving Codes
          • Notes
          • Using Land Rover TestBook/T4
          • Using Generic Scan Tool
        • Clearing Codes
        • Relieving Fuel Pressure
          • Notes
          • Discovery
          • Range Rover
      • Test Equipment
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Identification
      • Connector Identification
        • Data Link Connector (DLC) Location
        • ECM Connector Identification
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • Notes
        • Repair Procedure
        • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle
          • Notes
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "A"
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "B"
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "C"
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "D"
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "E"
          • Repair Confirmation Drive Cycle "F"
        • DTC P0100 & P0101: Mass Or Volume Airflow Circuit
          • Description
        • DTC P0102 & P0103: Mass Or Volume Airflow Circuit Low/High Input
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0111, P0112 & P0113: Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor Circuit
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0115, P0116, P0117 & P0118: Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor Circuit
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0120, P0122 & P0123: Throttle Position (TP) Sensor Circuit
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0130-P0138, P0140-P0141, P0150-P0158, P0160-P161, P1129, P1170 & P1173: Ho2S Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0170-P0175, P1171-P1172 & P1174-P1175: Fuel Trim Malfunction, System Too Lean Or Rich
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0201-P0208, P0261-P0262, P0264-P0265, P0267-P0268, P0270-P0271, P0273-P0274, P0276-P0277, P0279-P0280, & P0282-P0283: Fuel Injector Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0300-P0308, P1300-P1308 & P1319: Misfire Detected In One Or More Cylinders
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0325, P0327-P0328, P0330 & P0332-P0333: Knock Sensor (KS) Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0335 & P0336: Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0340: Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor Malfunction
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0412-P0414 & P0418: Secondary Air Injection (SAI) Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0420 & P0430: Catalytic Converter Efficiency Low
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
        • DTC P0440-P0441, P0443-P0445: EVAP Control System Purge Control Valve Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0442 & P0455: EVAP Control System Leak Detected
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0446-P0449: EVAP System Vent Control Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0450-P0453: Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0460-P0463: Fuel Level Sensor Malfunction
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0500-P0502: Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Signal Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0505, P1509, P1510, P1513, P1514 & P1550-P1553: Idle Control System Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0560-P0563: Battery & Charging System Voltage Inconsistent
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0600 & P1776: Controller Area Network (Can) Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0601, P0603, P0604, P0606: ECM Data Corrupted
          • Description
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0650: Malfunction Indicator Light (Mil) Control Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P0653: Engine Rpm Output Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1129: Primary Ho2S Circuit Malfunction
        • DTC P1170 & P1173: Downstream Fuel Trim Malfunction
        • DTC P1171 & P1172: System Too Lean Or Rich (Bank 1)
        • DTC P1174-P1175: System Too Lean Or Rich (Bank 2)
        • DTC P1230-P1232: Fuel Pump Relay Malfunction
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1300-P1308 & P1319: Misfire Detected
        • DTC P1412-P1417: Secondary Air Injection (SAI) System Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1509, P1510, P1513 & P1514: Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve Opening Stepper Motor Malfunction
        • DTC P1535-P1538: A/C Compressor Request Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1550-P1553: Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve Closing Stepper Motor Malfunction
        • DTC P1590-P1592: Abs - Rough Road Signal Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1663-P1665: Throttle Angle/Torque Signal Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1666-1668 & P1672-P1674: Engine Anti-Theft Signal Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1669-P1671: ECM Cooling Fan Circuit Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnostic Aids
          • Diagnosis & Repair
        • DTC P1700-P1703 & P1708: Transfer Case Malfunction
          • Description
          • Diagnosis & Repair
    • Engine Controls - Self-Diagnostics - Without Codes
      • Vehicle Identification
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes & Freeze Frames
        • System Interfaces
        • Inputs & Outputs
          • Inputs
          • Outputs
      • Mode $06 Data - In Accordance With Sae J1979
        • Description
        • TID $00
          • TID Services
        • TID $01
          • Catalyst Conversion
        • TID $02
          • O2 Sensors
        • TID $03
          • Secondary Air Injection System
        • TID $04
          • Exhaust Gas Recirculation
        • TID $05
          • EVAP System - Large Leak
          • EVAP System - Small Leak
          • DMTL Module
        • TID $06
          • O2 Sensor Heating
        • TID $07
          • Catalyst Heater
        • TID $08
          • Camshaft Shift
        • TID $09
          • Thermostat Diagnosis
        • Parameter Descriptions
      • Onboard Monitoring
        • Catalyst Monitoring
          • Description
          • Catalyst Monitoring Structure
            • Computation Of Amplitude Ratio
            • Post Processing
            • Fault Evaluation
            • Check Of Monitoring Conditions
        • Misfire Monitoring
          • Description
          • Misfire Monitoring Structure
            • Data Acquisition
            • Crankshaft Position Sensor Wheel Adaptation
            • Misfire Detection
            • Determination Of Misfiring
            • Statistics, Fault Processing
        • Secondary Air Injection System Monitoring
          • Description
          • Passive Secondary Air Injection Diagnostic
          • Active Secondary Air Injection Diagnostic
        • EVAPORATIVE EMISSION SYSTEM MONITORING - 0.040" (1.0 mm) DIAMETER
          • Description
          • EVAP System Monitoring Structure
        • EVAPORATIVE EMISSION SYSTEM MONITORING - 0.020" (0.5 mm) DIAMETER
          • Description
        • Fuel System Monitoring
          • Description
            • Primary Mixture Control
            • Lambda-Control
            • Adaptive Control
            • Fuel Delivery System Abbreviations
            • Diagnosis of Fuel Delivery System
            • Fuel System Monitoring Structure
        • Oxygen Sensor Monitoring
          • Description
          • Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitoring Description
          • Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitoring Structure
          • Oxygen Sensor Circuit Monitoring
        • Thermostat Monitoring
          • Description
        • Engine Speed & Position Sensor (Crankshaft Sensor)
          • Description
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Description
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Description
        • Mass Airflow Sensor & Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Notes
          • Mass Airflow Sensor
            • Description
          • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
            • Description
        • Knock Sensor
          • Description
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Description
        • Engine Control Module Self Test
          • Description
        • Fuel Level Sensor
          • Description
        • Vehicle Speed Signal
          • Description
        • Power Supplies
          • Description
        • Rough Road Signal
          • Description
        • Transfer Box Malfunction Indicator Lamp Request (Range Rover 38A Only)
          • Description
        • Air Conditioning System (Discovery Series II Only)
          • Description
        • Fuel Injectors
          • Description
        • Idle Speed Control Actuator
          • Description
        • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Description
        • Malfunction Indicator Lamp
          • Description
        • Hill Descent Control Signal - Discovery Series II Only
          • Description
        • Engine Speed Signal
          • Description
        • Environmental-Box Cooling Fan (Range Rover 38A Only)
          • Description
        • Low Range Signal
          • Description
        • Controller Area Network System
          • Description
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation System Monitoring
          • Description
      • OBD Drive Cycle Information
        • Drive Cycles
          • Notes
          • Drive Cycle A
          • Drive Cycle B
          • Drive Cycle C
          • Drive Cycle D
          • Drive Cycle E
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Testing
      • Introduction
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Engine Control Module (ECM)
          • Notes
          • Ground Circuits (Discovery Series II & Range Rover)
          • Power Circuits (Discovery Series II)
          • Power Circuits (Range Rover)
      • Engine Sensors
        • Notes
        • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S)
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
          • Freelander
        • Mass Airflow/Intake Air Temperature (MAF/IAT) Sensor
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Knock Sensor (KS)
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
          • Freelander
      • Motors, Relays & Solenoids
        • Relays
          • Notes
          • Main Relay (Discovery Series II)
          • Main Relay (Range Rover)
          • Fuel Pump Relay (Discovery Series II)
          • Fuel Pump Relay (Range Rover)
        • Solenoids
          • Fuel Injector Solenoids
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Relieving Fuel Pressure
          • Fuel Pressure
          • Fuel Pressure Check
        • Fuel Control
          • Notes
          • Fuel Pump Current Draw
          • Fuel Injector Balance Check
          • Fuel Injector Electrical Check
      • Idle Control System
        • Idle Air Control Valve (IACV)
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
      • Ignition System
        • Notes
        • Timing Control Systems
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • EVAP System
        • Secondary Air Injection (SAI) System
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II
          • Range Rover
      • Miscellaneous Controls
        • Notes
        • A/C Request/Grant Signals
          • Notes
          • Discovery Series II & Range Rover
        • Transmission
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - No Codes
      • Introduction
      • Symptoms
        • Symptom Diagnosis
        • Engine Does Not Start (Does Not Turn Over)
        • Engine Hard To Start (Engine Turns Over)
        • Engine Hesitates Or Misses
        • Engine Knock
        • Loss Of Power
        • Poor Fuel Mileage
        • Rough Or Unstable Idle
      • INTERMITTENTS
        • Intermittent Problem Diagnosis
        • Test Procedures
          • Intermittent Simulation
  • Theory and Operation
    • Engine Controls - Description & Operation
      • Vehicle Identification
      • Description - Engine Management
        • Component Locations
        • Engine Management Block Diagram
        • General
        • Engine Control Module (ECM)
          • Engine Control Module (ECM)
          • ECM Input/Output
            • Notes
            • Connector 1 - C0634
            • Connector 2 - C0635
            • Connector 3 - C0636
            • Connector 4 - C0637
            • Connector 5 - C0638
        • Crankshaft Speed & Position (CKP) Sensor - C0168
          • Crankshaft Speed & Position (CKP) Sensor
          • CKP Sensor Input/Output
        • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor - C0176
          • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
          • CMP Sensor Input/Output
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor - C0196
          • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
          • Input/Output
        • Thermostat Monitoring Sensor
          • Thermostat Monitoring Sensor
          • Input/Output
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF)/Inlet Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor - C0149
          • MAF/IAT Sensor
          • Input/Output
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
        • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
        • Air Intake Duct - Gulf Models From 2000MY
        • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor - C0175
          • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
          • Input/Output
        • Heated Oxygen Sensors (Ho2S) - C0642
          • Heated Oxygen Sensors (HO2S)
          • Input/Output
        • Fuel Injectors
          • Fuel Injectors
          • Input/Output
        • Idle Air Control Valve (IACV) - C0641
          • Idle Air Control Valve (IACV)
          • Input/Output
        • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Input/Output
        • Evaporative Emissions
        • Secondary Air Injection (NAS Only)
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor (NAS Only)
        • Ignition Coils
          • Ignition Coils
          • Input/Output
        • Knock Sensor (KS)
          • Knock Sensor (KS)
          • Input/Output
        • Spark Plugs
          • Spark Plugs
          • Input/Output
        • High Tension (Ht) Leads
          • High Tension (HT) Leads
          • Input/Output
        • Hill Decent Control (HDC)
        • High/Low Ratio Switch
        • Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Mil)/Service Engine Soon Warning Lamp
          • MIL/Service Engine Soon Warning Lamp
          • Input/Output
        • Air Temperature Control (ATC) Request
          • Air Temperature Control (ATC) Request
          • Input/Output
        • ATC Compressor Clutch Relay
          • ATC Compressor Clutch Relay
          • Input/Output
        • Cooling Fan Relay
          • Cooling Fan Relay
          • Input/Output
      • Operation - Engine Management
        • Fuel Quantity
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Closed Loop Fuelling
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Open Loop Fuelling
        • Ignition Timing
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Knock Control
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Idle Speed Control
          • Notes
          • IACV Control Idle Speed
          • Function
        • Evaporative Emission Control
        • On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) - North AMERICAN Specification (NAS) Vehicles Only
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Immobilization System
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Misfire Detection
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Vehicle Speed Signal (VSS)
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Rough Road Signal
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Hill Descent Control (HDC) Signal
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Low Fuel Level Signal
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Coolant Temperature Gauge Signal
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Controller Area Network (Can) System
          • Notes
          • Conditions
          • Function
        • Drive Cycles
          • Notes
          • Drive Cycle A
          • Drive Cycle B
          • Drive Cycle C
          • Drive Cycle D
          • Drive Cycle E
      • Description - Cruise Control
        • Component Locations
        • Block Diagram
        • General
        • Cruise Control Master Switch
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Slabs Ecu
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Cruise Control Ecu
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Set+/Res Switches
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Brake Pedal Switch
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Clutch Pedal Switch
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Body Control Unit
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Vacuum Pump Assembly
          • Notes
          • Input/Output
        • Pneumatic Actuator
      • Operation - Cruise Control
        • Cruise Control Activation
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Cruise Control Cancellation
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Cruise Control Resume
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Accelerating While Cruise Control Is Active
          • Notes
          • Function
        • Switching Off Cruise Control
          • Notes
          • Function
    • Engine Controls - Theory & Operation
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Variable Intake System
          • Freelander
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Electronic Control Module (ECM)
          • Discovery
          • Freelander
          • Range Rover
        • Input Devices
          • Notes
          • Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor (Freelander)
          • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
          • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
          • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
          • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)
          • Knock Sensor (KS)
          • Mass Airflow (MAF)/Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensors
          • Mass Airflow (MAF) Sensor (Freelander)
          • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor (Freelander)
          • Rough Road Signal
          • Thermostat Monitoring Sensor
          • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
        • Output Signals
          • Notes
          • Malfunction Indicator Light
          • Fuel Injector
          • Fuel Pump
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
          • Idle Air Control Valve
          • Secondary Air Injection
      • Air Injection System
        • Secondary Air Injection
          • Discovery & Range Rover
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Fuel Pump
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch (IFSS)
        • Fuel Control
          • Fuel Injector
        • Idle Speed
          • Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve (Discovery & Range Rover)
          • Electronic Throttle (Freelander)
      • Ignition System
        • Direct Ignition System (Dis)
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Crankcase Ventilation
        • Catalytic Converter
        • Evaporative (EVAP) Emission System
          • Discovery
          • Freelander
          • Range Rover
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • Malfunction Indicator Light (Mil)
          • Discovery, Freelander & Range Rover
  • Vacuum Diagrams
    • Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • Discovery
      • FREELANDER
      • Range Rover
• General Information
  • Abbreviations
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
  • Basic Trouble Shooting
    • Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Accessories & Electrical
        • Charging System Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
      • Air Conditioning & Heat
        • Air Conditioning Trouble Shooting
        • Heater System Trouble Shooting
      • Brakes
        • Brake System Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Mechanical
        • Cooling System Trouble Shooting
        • Gasoline Engine - Mechanical Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Performance
        • Carburetor Trouble Shooting:
        • Diesel Engine Trouble Shooting
        • Fuel Injection Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
        • Tune-Up Trouble Shooting - Gas Engine Vehicles
        • Vacuum Pump - Diesel Trouble Shooting
      • Manual Transmission
        • Manual Transmission Trouble Shooting
      • Powertrain
        • Clutch Trouble Shooting
        • Drive Axle - Noise Diagnosis
          • Unrelated Noises
          • Non-Drive Axle Noises
          • Gear Noise
          • Chuckle
          • Knock
          • Clunk
          • Bearing Whine
          • Bearing Rumble
          • Chatter On Turns
          • Axle Shaft Noise
          • Vibration
        • Drive Axle - RWD Trouble Shooting
        • Fwd Axle Shafts & CV Joints Trouble Shooting
      • Steering & Suspension
        • Manual Steering Gear Trouble Shooting
        • Power Steering Trouble Shooting
        • Steering Column Trouble Shooting
        • Suspension Trouble Shooting
        • Wheel Alignment Trouble Shooting
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Engine Performance
  • Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions
    • Map - Brake Systems
      • Brake Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accelerometers
        • Accumulators
        • Anchor Pins
        • Anti-Lock Brake Control Assembly(Module)
        • Anti-Lock Brake Controller
        • Anti-Lock Brake Systems
        • Axle Seal
        • Backing Plates
        • Bleeder Screw
        • Brake Abs Active Light (Blue)
        • Brake Fluid
        • Brake Friction Material
        • Brake On - Off Switch
        • Brake Pads
        • Brake Pedals
        • Brake Shoe Hardware
        • Brake Shoes
        • Brake Stoplight Switches
        • Brake Warning Light (Amber)
        • Brake Warning Light (Red)
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs And LEDS
        • Caliper Hardware
        • Caliper Mounting Pin
        • Caliper Piston
        • Caliper Shim
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt) Dust Boot
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt)
        • Calipers
        • Combination Valve
        • Controllers
        • Digital Ratio Axle Controllers And Buffers (Drab And Dram)
        • Disable Switches
        • Drums
        • Electrical Brake Pumps
        • Electrical Park Motor
        • Electrical Pumps And Motors
        • Electro-Magnetic Interference
        • Electronic Brake Control Modulator
        • Electronic Brake Distribution
        • Electronic Brake Traction Control Module
        • Electronic Controllers
        • Electronic Traction Control
        • External Brake Cable
        • Flow Control Valve
        • Fluid Level Sensor Switches
        • Fluid
        • Four Wheel Drive Switches
        • Friction Material
        • G Sensors
        • Gaskets
        • Gravitational Switches
        • Grease Seal
        • Height Sensing Proportioning Valve
        • High Pressure Accumulator
        • Hoses
        • Hub
        • Hydraulic Control Unit
        • Hydraulic Modulators
        • Hydro-Boosters
        • Hydro-Electric Boosters (POWERMASTER)
        • Ignition Disable Switches
        • Lamp Driver Relay
        • Lateral Acceleration Switches
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Low Pressure Accumulator
        • Lug Nut
        • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
        • Master Cylinders
        • Modulators
        • Motor Pack
        • Motors
        • Pads
        • Parking Brake Cable
        • Parking Brake Mechanism
        • Parking Brake Shoes
        • Parking Brake Switches
        • Parking Brake Systems
        • Pedal Travel Switches
        • Pedals
        • Power Distribution Center
        • POWERMASTER
        • Pressure Differential Switches
        • Pressure Switches
        • Pressure Transducers
        • Proportioning Valve
        • Pumps
        • Relays
        • RELUCTOR (Speed) Ring
        • Rotors
        • Self-Adjusting Systems
        • Shoe Hardware
        • Shoes
        • Sockets
        • Speed Sensor (RELUCTOR) Ring
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Star Wheel
        • Steel Brake Lines
        • Stoplight Switches
        • Stroke Sensor
        • Switches
        • Tires
        • Tone Ring
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Traction Control System (TCS)
        • Transfer Tubes
        • Vacuum Boosters
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Valves
        • Wear Indicator
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheel Cylinders
        • Wiring Harnesses
        • Yaw Rate Sensor
      • Brake System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
      • Routine Inspection Reference Guide
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Maintenance Overview
          • Antifreeze/Coolant
          • Visual Inspection
          • Radiator Cap Test
          • Engine Fan
          • Cooling System Power Flush And Refill
          • Belts (Except Timing Belts)
          • Belt TENSIONER
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid Exchange & Filter Replacement
          • Engine Oil
          • Air Filters
          • Cabin Air Filter
          • Brake Fluid
          • Battery
          • Battery Cables
          • Power Steering
          • Power Steering Fluid
          • Wiper Blades
        • Routine Inspection CHECKSHEET
        • Routine Inspection - UICS
          • Brake Systems
            • Notes
            • Brake Fluid
            • Bulbs And LEDS
            • Hoses
            • Lenses
            • Lug Nut
            • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
            • Parking Brake Cable
            • Vacuum Hoses
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
          • Drivetrain And Transmission
            • Notes
            • Automatic Transmission Fluid
            • Clutch Master Cylinders
            • Cooler Lines
            • Coolers
            • Differential Fluid
            • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Filters And Screens
            • Fluids And Lubricants
            • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
            • Hydraulic Fluid
            • Lubricants
            • Manual Transmission Fluid
            • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
            • Transfer Case Fluid
            • Vacuum Hoses
          • Electrical Systems
            • Batteries
            • Battery Cables
            • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
            • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
            • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
            • Ground Cables And Straps
            • Ground Straps
            • Lenses
            • Sealed Beams
            • Washer Pumps
            • Wiper Arms And Blades
            • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
            • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
          • Engine Performance And Maintenance
            • Notes
            • Accessory Belts
            • Air Filter Elements
            • Air Filter Gaskets
            • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
            • Air Pump Belts
            • Batteries
            • Battery Connectors
            • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
            • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
            • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
            • Coolant Recovery Tanks
            • Coolant
            • Distributor Caps
            • Distributor Rotors
            • Engine Cooling Systems
            • Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
            • Engine Oil
            • Fuel Filters
            • Fuel Injector Cleaning
            • Fuel Injectors
            • Fuel System Cleaning Service
            • Hose Clamps
            • Hose Connectors
            • Hose Couplers
            • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
            • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
            • Intake Cleaning
            • O2 Sensors
            • PCV Breather Elements
            • PCV Valves
            • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
            • Spark Plugs
            • Thermostats And Housings
            • Throttle Body Cleaning
            • Timing Belts
            • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
          • Exhaust Systems
            • Notes
            • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
          • Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning Systems
            • Notes
            • Belts
            • Cabin Air Filters
            • Coolant
            • Evaporator Drain Tubes
            • Evaporator Filters
            • In-Line Filters
            • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
          • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
            • Notes
            • Hydraulic Hoses
            • Power Steering Belts
            • Power Steering Fluid
            • Power Steering Hoses
            • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
            • Strut Rods
            • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
            • Tire Pressure Sensors
            • Tires
            • Valve Stems
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
      • Wheel & Tire Supplement
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
        • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
        • Wheel & Tire - UICS
          • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
          • Tire Pressure Sensors
          • Tires
          • Wheel Alignment
          • Wheel Attachment Hardware
          • Wheels (Rims)
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Check Lists
    • Symptom Check List Worksheet - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose
        • Notes
        • Why Use the Symptom Check List Worksheets?
        • Making the Worksheets a Part of Your Normal Routine
      • Symptom Check List Worksheets
        • Condensed Version - All On One Page
        • Full Version - All On Four Pages
        • Individual System-Based Check Lists
  • Computer Relearn Procedures - Import
    • Introduction
      • Notes
      • Body Controls
      • Engine Controls
    • ACURA
      • Powertrain Control Module Reset Procedure/Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes (All Models)
      • Known-Good Powertrain Control Module Substitution
      • System Readiness Test Codes
        • Notes
        • Catalytic Converter Codes
        • EVAP Leak Monitor Code
        • HO2S Monitor Code
        • HO2S Heater Monitor Code
    • AUDI
      • Readiness Code
      • Generating Readiness Code
      • Pcm Coding (All Models)
        • Notes
        • Coding Engine Control Module (A4, A6 & S4)
        • Coding Engine Control Module (TT)
    • BMW
      • All Models
      • Component Activation
      • Power Window Calibration
      • Sun Roof Calibration
        • 3-Series & 7-Series
    • HONDA
      • Powertrain Control Module Reset Procedure (All Models)
      • Known-Good Powertrain Control Module Substitution
        • Accord, Odyssey & S2000
        • Civic, CR-V & Insight
      • Immobilizer (Accord, Insight, Odyssey, Prelude & S2000)
      • System Readiness Test Codes
        • Notes
        • Air/Fuel (A/F) Ratio Sensor Monitor
        • Catalytic Converter
        • EGR Monitor
        • EVAP Leak Monitor
        • HO2S Monitor
        • HO2S Heater Monitor
    • HYUNDAI
    • INFINITI
      • ECM Programming
    • ISUZU
      • Notes
      • EEPROM Programming Procedure
    • Jaguar
      • Principles Of Operation
      • Module Configuration
      • Customer Driven Preferences
      • Powertrain Control Module Programming
        • S-Type
        • X-Type
      • Power Window Calibration (XK8)
      • Radio Security Code
      • Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter
      • Transmission Control Module DRIVEABILITY Computer Relearn Procedure
    • KIA
    • Land Rover
      • Notes
      • Immobilizer
      • Power Window Calibration
    • LEXUS
      • Notes
      • Immobilizer System
      • New Transponder Key Code
      • Additional Master Key
        • Notes
        • Using Ignition Switch
        • Using LEXUS Scan Tool
      • Registration Or Change Of Key Number
        • Notes
        • Registration Of Key Number (Using LEXUS Scan Tool)
        • Change Of Key Number (Using LEXUS Scan Tool)
      • Erasure Of Transponder Key Code
        • Notes
        • Using Ignition Switch
        • Using LEXUS Scan Tool
      • Sun Roof REINITIALIZATION
    • MAZDA
      • Notes
      • Programming Powertrain Control Module
        • Notes
        • Description
        • Flash Vehicle Identification Block Procedure
      • Key Replacement Or Addition
        • Customer Supplied 2 Or More Valid Keys
        • Customer Supplied Only One Or No Valid Keys
      • Steering Lock Replacement
        • Notes
        • Customer Supplied 2 Or More Valid Keys
        • Customer Supplied Only One Or No Valid Keys
      • Immobilizer Unit
        • Notes
        • Customer Supplied Only One Or No Valid Keys
        • Customer Supplied Two Or More Valid Keys
      • Powertrain Control Module
        • Notes
        • Customer Supplied 2 Or More Valid Keys
        • Customer Supplied Only One Valid Key
      • Immobilizer Unit & Powertrain Control Module
      • Reprogram Error Recovery
      • Inputting Code Word
    • MERCEDES-BENZ
      • Notes
      • Synchronization Of Power Windows
      • Activating Steering Angle Sensor
      • Synchronization Of Sliding/Tilt-Up Roof
      • Easy Entry/Exit Function
      • Control Module Version Coding
        • Notes
        • Automatic Coding
        • Manual Coding
      • Enabling Code Function For Radio
        • Notes
        • Audio 5 & 10 Models Or Sound 10, 20 & 30 Models (CLK, E & SLK Class)
        • Becker 2000 (CL, S & SL Class)
        • Becker Mexico, Grand Prix, Europa & Avus Models (SL Class)
        • Radio With Navigation Control Module (CL, S & SL Class)
        • Radio With 4-Digit Fixed Code (CL, S & SL Class)
        • Radio & Radio With Navigation Control Module With 5-Digit Fixed Code (CL, S & SL Class)
        • Radio (ML Class)
      • Programming Supplemental Restraint System Control Module
    • MITSUBISHI
      • Engine Control Module
      • Encrypted Code Registration Method (Immobilizer)
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Key Id Register
        • Registration Of Additional Keys (With Scan Tool)
        • Registration Of Additional Keys (Without Using Scan Tool)
      • Radio Security Code
    • NISSAN
      • Notes
      • Immobilizer Programming
      • Sun Roof Initialization
    • PORSCHE
      • All Models
      • BOXSTER
        • Notes
        • Alarm/Drive Block Control Unit Programming
    • SAAB
      • Notes
      • Programming Immobilizer
    • SUBARU
    • SUZUKI
    • TOYOTA
      • Service Precautions (PRIUS)
      • Immobilizer Programming (Except PRIUS)
        • Notes
        • Ignition Key Registration
      • Additional Master Key Registration (Except PRIUS)
        • Notes
        • Using Brake Pedal & Accelerator Pedal
        • Using Toyota Hand-Held Tester
      • Additional Sub-Key Registration (Except PRIUS)
        • Notes
        • Using Brake & Accelerator Pedal
        • Using Toyota Hand-Held Tester
      • Erasure Of Transponder Key Code (Except PRIUS)
        • Notes
        • Using Brake & Accelerator Pedal
        • Using Toyota Hand-Held Tester
      • Immobilizer Component Replacement Programming Procedures (PRIUS)
        • Notes
        • Programming When Replacing Transponder Key Electronic Control Unit
        • Programming When Replacing Hybrid Vehicle Control Electronic Control Unit
        • Programming When Replacing Transponder Key Electronic Control Unit & Hybrid Vehicle Control Electronic Control Unit
        • Programming If All Ignition Keys Are Lost
        • Ignition Key Registration
        • Additional Master Key Registration
        • Additional Sub-Key Registration
        • Erasure Of Transponder Key Code
      • Power Sliding Door REINITIALIZATION Procedure (Sienna)
      • Sun Roof Initialization (CAMRY & CELICA)
        • Camry
        • Celica
    • VOLKSWAGEN
      • Notes
      • Engine Control Module Programming (All Models)
        • Notes
        • Engine Control Module Coding Options (1.8L Turbo)
        • Engine Control Module Coding Options (1.9L Diesel)
        • Engine Control Module Coding Options (2.0L)
        • Engine Control Module Coding Options (2.8L)
      • Readiness Code
        • Notes
        • Description
        • Reading Readiness Code
        • Generating Readiness Code
    • VOLVO
      • All Models
        • Engine Control Module Programming
        • Radio Security Code
  • OBD-II Drive Cycles
    • * Please Read This First *
    • Siemens Ms43, BOSCH Me7.2 & Gems Engine Management Systems
      • GEMS Generic Engine Management System
      • Seimens MS43
      • Bosch ME7.2
      • Drive Cycle A
      • Drive Cycle B
      • Drive Cycle C
      • Drive Cycle C+
      • Drive Cycle D
      • Drive Cycle E
      • Drive Cycle F (SIEMENS)
      • Drive Cycle F (BOSCH & DENSO)
      • Drive Cycle G
    • AJ133 5.0L V8 & DENSO V8 009-1.0 & 3.0; LR3 2005-9, Range rover 2006-9, range rover sport 2005-9
      • Catalyst Monitor
      • Misfire Monitor
      • EVAP Monitor
      • Fuel System Monitor
      • Oxygen Sensor Monitor
    • DENSO PanPAG 1.5 EMS & AJ133 5.0 V8 EMS
  • Driveline/Axles
    • Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Unrelated Noises
      • Non-Drive Axle Noises
      • Gear Noise
      • Chuckle
      • Knock
      • Clunk
      • Bearing Whine
      • Bearing Rumble
      • Chatter On Turns
      • Axle Shaft Noise
      • Vibration
    • Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Inspection
        • Notes
        • Gear Tooth Contact Pattern
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Gear Backlash & Pinion Shim Changes
    • Map - Drive Train & Transmission
      • Drive Train & Transmission Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Drivetrain And Transmission
        • Notes
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Automatic Transmission / Transaxle Assemblies/CVTS
        • Automatic Transmission Fluid
        • Axles
        • Bearings And Races
        • Bell Cranks
        • Bell Housings
        • Bushings (External)
        • Cables (Speedometer)
        • Cables (TV, Detent And Shift)
        • Carrier Bearings
        • Clutch Cables And Cable Housings
        • Clutch Discs (Manual Transmissions)
        • Clutch Forks
        • Clutch Linkages (Mechanical)
        • Clutch Master Cylinders
        • Clutch Pedals
        • Clutch Pivots
        • Clutch Pressure Plates
        • Clutch Release Bearings
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Concentric)
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Conventional Or External)
        • Companion Flanges
        • Connectors
        • Cooler Bypass Valves
        • Cooler Lines
        • Coolers
        • CV Joints
        • Differential And Final Drive Assemblies
        • Differential Fluid
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks (Fluid Level Indicators)
        • Dowel Pins, Guides And Pilot Holes
        • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Drive Shaft Flanges
        • Drive Shafts And Half Shafts
        • Dust Boots
        • Engine Mounts
        • Exciter Rings
        • Filler Tubes
        • Filters And Screens
        • Flanges
        • Flex Plates
        • Fluid Level Indicators
        • Fluids And Lubricants
        • Flywheels
        • Force Motors
        • Gaskets
        • Guides
        • Half Shafts
        • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
        • Housings (Bell, Case, Tail(Extension) And Auxiliary)
        • Hydraulic Fluid
        • Intermediate Shaft Support Bearings
        • Key Interlock Systems
        • Limited Slips
        • Lines
        • Linkages (External)
        • Locking Hub Assemblies
        • Locking Hub Control Knobs
        • Lubricants
        • Manual Transmission Fluid
        • Manual Transmission/Transaxle Assemblies
        • Metal Clad Seals
        • METALASTIC Joints
        • Modulator Pins
        • Modulators
        • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
        • Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Oil Pans
        • Pans
        • Pilot Holes
        • Pressure Plates
        • Pressure Switches
        • Races
        • Rubber Joints (METALASTIC)
        • Screens
        • Seals (Metal Clad)
        • Seals
        • Selector Interlock Systems
        • Sensors
        • Servos
        • Shift Interlock Systems (Selector And Key Interlock Systems)
        • Side Covers
        • Slip Yokes
        • Solenoids
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Speedometer- Driven Gear Housing
        • Speedometer/Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Speedometer/Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Speedometers/Odometers (Electronic)
        • Switches
        • Tone Wheels
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Torque Converters
        • Transaxle Mounts
        • Transducers (Transmission)
        • Transfer Case Assemblies
        • Transfer Case Fluid
        • Transmission Coolers
        • Transmission Mounts
        • Transmission Pans
        • Transmission Range Indicators (PRNDL)
        • Tubes
        • Universal Joints (CARDAN Or Cross Type)
        • Vacuum Controls
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Vacuum Motors
        • Vacuum-Operated Switches
        • Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Vents
        • Vibration Dampers
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Speed Sensors
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
        • Yokes And Slip Yokes
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • All Models
  • DTC Index
    • Automatic Transmission
    • Engine Performance
  • Electrical
    • Harnesses
      • 86.70.01 Fuse box - passenger compartment
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.70.17 Harness - engine - Td6
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.70.17 Harness - engine - V8
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.70.18 Environmental box ('E' box)
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 86.70.85 Harness - tailgate -lower
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
    • Introduction - Electrical
      • Introduction
        • General
        • References
      • Electrical Precautions
        • General
      • Harness Repairs
        • Introduction
      • Abbreviations
        • General
      • How To Use This Data
        • Fuse Details
        • Earth Points and Headers
        • Description and Operation
        • Connector Details
      • Fault Diagnosis
        • General
      • Wire Color Codes
        • General
    • Map - Electrical Systems
      • Electrical Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Actuator Motors (Electric)
        • Actuator Motors (Vacuum)
        • Air Bags
        • Alternators And Generators
        • Amplifiers
        • Antennas
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Cables
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belts
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
        • Cd Players
        • Cigarette Lighter Assemblies
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Clutch Switches
        • Connectors
        • Control Modules
        • Cruise Control Brake Switches
        • Cruise Control Cables
        • Cruise Control Clutch Switches
        • Cruise Control Linkages And Cables
        • Cruise Control Reservoirs
        • Cruise Control Tubes
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Dump Release Valves
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And
        • Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Defoggers
        • Defrosters
        • Delays
        • Dimmers
        • Electric Heaters
        • Equalizers
        • Fuse Blocks
        • Fuse Boxes And Blocks
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gauges
        • Generators
        • Ground Cables And Straps
        • Ground Straps
        • Headlight Adjusters
        • Heating Elements (Defrosters, Defoggers, Electric Heaters And Seats)
        • Horns And Sirens
        • Ignition Switches
        • Indicator Lights
        • Keyless Entry Keypads And Transmitters
        • Keyless Entry Transmitters
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Microphones
        • Mirrors (ELECTROCHROMATIC And Heated)
        • Motors
        • Neutral Safety Switches
        • Odometers, Speedometers And Tachometers (Cable Driven)
        • Odometers
        • Power Distribution Center
        • Pulleys
        • Receivers, Amplifiers, Equalizers And Sub-Woofer Volume Controls
        • Relay Boxes
        • Relays
        • Sealed Beams
        • Seat Heaters
        • Security Alarm Sensors
        • Sirens
        • Solenoids
        • Speakers And Microphones
        • Speedometer And Tachometer Linkages And Cables
        • Speedometer Cables
        • Speedometers
        • Starters
        • Sub-Woofer Volume Control
        • Switches
        • Tachometer Cables
        • Tachometers
        • Tape Players And Cd Players
        • TENSIONERS
        • Timers
        • Transceivers
        • Transducers
        • Vacuum Accumulators (Reservoirs)
        • Voltage Regulators
        • Washer Fluid Level Senders
        • Washer Pumps
        • Wiper Arms And Blades
        • Wiper Blades
        • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
        • Wiper Linkages
        • Wiper Nozzles
        • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Battery, Starting & Charging System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
  • Engine
    • Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Engine Identification
      • Inspection Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Magnetic Particle Inspection
          • Notes
          • Magnaflux & Magnaglo
        • Penetrant Inspection
          • Notes
          • Zyglo
          • Dye Check
        • Ultrasonic Inspection
        • X-Ray Inspection
        • Pressure Testing
      • Cleaning Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Bead Blasting
        • Chemical Cleaning
      • Component Cleaning
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Sheet Metal Parts
        • Intake & Exhaust Manifolds
      • Cylinder Head Replacement
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Installation
        • Valve Adjustment
      • Cylinder Head Overhaul
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cylinder Head Disassembly
        • Cylinder Head Cleaning & Inspection
        • Valve Springs
        • Valve Guide
          • Notes
          • Measuring Valve Guide Clearance
          • Reaming Valve Guide
          • Replacing Valve Guide
        • Valves & Valve Seats
          • Notes
          • Valve Grinding
          • Valve Lapping
          • Valve Seat Grinding
          • Valve Seat Replacement
          • Valve Seat Concentricity
        • Cylinder Head Reassembly
          • Notes
          • Valve Stem Installed Height
        • Valve Stem Oil Seals
          • Notes
          • Replacement (On-Vehicle)
        • Valve Spring Installed Height
        • Rocker Arms & Assemblies
          • Notes
          • Rocker Studs
          • Rocker Arms & Shafts
        • Push Rods
        • Lifters
          • Notes
          • Hydraulic Lifters
          • Mechanical Lifters
      • Pistons, Connecting Rods & Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Ridge Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Cleaning
          • Inspection
        • Piston & Cylinder Bore Fit
        • Assembling Piston & Connecting Rod
        • Checking Piston Ring Clearances
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Installation
        • Connecting Rod Side Clearance
        • Main & Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance
          • Notes
          • Plastigage Method
          • Micrometer & Telescopic Gauge Method
      • Crankshaft & Main Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Installation
        • Crankshaft End Play
          • Notes
          • Dial Indicator Method
          • Feeler Gauge Method
        • Cylinder Block
          • Notes
          • Block Cleaning
          • Block Inspection
          • Cylinder Bore Inspection
          • Cylinder Honing
          • Deck Warpage
          • Deck Height
          • Main Bearing Bore & Alignment
          • Expansion Plug Removal
          • Expansion Plug Installation
          • Oil Gallery Plug Removal
          • Oil Gallery Plug Installation
      • Camshaft
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Camshaft Bearings
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Camshaft Installation
        • Camshaft End Play
      • Timing Chains & Belts
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Chains
        • Timing Belts
        • Tension Adjustment
      • Timing Gears
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Gear Backlash & RUNOUT
        • Rear Main Oil Seal Installation
          • Notes
          • One-Piece Type Seal
          • Rope Type Seal
          • Split-Rubber Type Seal
      • Oil Pump
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Rotor Type
        • Gear Type
      • Break-In Procedure
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Engine Pre-Oiling
        • Initial Start-Up
        • Camshaft
        • Piston Rings
        • Final Adjustments
    • General Cooling System Service - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Maintenance
        • Draining
        • Flushing
          • Notes
          • Radiator
          • Engine Block
        • Refilling
      • Testing
        • Thermostat
        • Pressure Testing
          • Notes
          • Radiator Cap
          • Cooling System
  • Engine Performance
    • Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Introduction
      • Handling Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
      • Checking Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
    • Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Where Does DRIVEABILITY Diagnosis Start?
        • Perform Basic Inspection
        • Check For Trouble Codes
        • Diagnose Symptom
        • Test System
    • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
      • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
    • Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance (Including Exhaust Systems)
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Engine Performance & Maintenance CHECKSHEET
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance
        • Notes
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
        • Accessory Belts
        • Accessory Pulleys
        • Air Conditioning Cycling Switches
        • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensors
        • Air Ducts And Tubes
        • Air Filter Elements
        • Air Filter Gaskets
        • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
        • Air Fuel Ratio Sensors
        • Air Injection Control Solenoids
        • Air Plenums
        • Air Pump Belts
        • Air Pumps (Electric Driven)
        • Air Tubes
        • Aspirator, Check And DECEL Valves
        • Baffles
        • Ballast Primary Supply Resistor Wires
        • Ballast Resistors And Primary Supply Resistors
        • Barometric Pressure Sensors
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Connectors
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
        • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
        • Belt-Driven Air Pumps
        • Boost Control Mechanism
        • Camshaft Position Sensors
        • Carburetors And Chokes
        • Casting Core Plugs And Expansion Plugs
        • Charge Air Coolers ""INTERCOOLERS"" (CAC)
        • Check Valves
        • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Chokes
        • Clutch Pedal Position Switches
        • Cold Start Injectors
        • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
        • Connectors
        • Coolant Recovery Tanks
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Motor Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Relays And Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Resistors
        • Cooling Fan Motor Sensors And Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motor Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Crankshaft Position Sensors
        • Cylinder Deactivation Solenoid
        • Cylinder Head Assemblies
        • DECEL Valves
        • Deflectors
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks And Tubes
        • Distributor Advances And Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Boots And Shields
        • Distributor Caps
        • Distributor Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Rotors
        • Distributor Shields
        • Distributors
        • Early Fuel Evaporation Valves (Heat Riser Assemblies)
        • EGR Coolers
        • EGR Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Intake And Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Plates And Coolers
        • Electronic Spark Control Modules
        • Electronic Transmission Control Devices
        • Electronic Transmission Feedback Devices
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
        • Engine Cooling Systems
        • Engine Covers (Oil Pan, Valve Cover, Timing Cover)
        • Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Engine Oil Canisters
        • Engine Oil Coolers (External)
        • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
        • Engine Oil Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Pressure Gauges (Mechanical)
        • Engine Oil
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Filters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Purge Devices
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canisters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Feedback Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Feedback Devices
        • Expansion Plugs
        • Fan Control Sensor
        • Fuel Accumulators And Dampers
        • Fuel And Cold Start Injectors
        • Fuel Caps
        • Fuel Dampers
        • Fuel Delivery Check Valves
        • Fuel Distributors (BOSCH Cis)
        • Fuel Filler Necks And RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel Filters
        • Fuel Injector Cleaning
        • Fuel Injectors
        • Fuel Level Senders
        • Fuel Pressure Regulators
        • Fuel Pumps (In-Tank, External, Electrical Or Mechanical)
        • Fuel Rails
        • Fuel RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel System Cleaning Service
        • Fuel Tanks
        • Fuel
        • Gaskets
        • Grommets (Valve Cover)
        • Harmonic Dampers
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Hose Clamps
        • Hose Connectors
        • Hose Couplers
        • Hoses And Tube Couplers, Connectors And Clamps
        • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
        • Housings
        • Idle Air Controls
        • Idle Speed Control Actuators
        • Ignition Boots
        • Ignition Coil Towers
        • Ignition Coils
        • Ignition Control Modules (ICM)
        • Ignition Switches
        • Ignition Terminals
        • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
        • Inertia Fuel Shut-Off Switches
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensors
        • Intake Cleaning
        • Intake Manifolds
        • In-Tank Fuel Strainers
        • INTERCOOLERS
        • Knock Sensors
        • Liquid Vapor Separators
        • Long Block Assemblies
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensors
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors
        • Metal Air Manifolds And Pipes
        • Metal Air Pipes
        • Mix Control Solenoids
        • Motor Mounts
        • O2 Sensors
        • Oil Pans
        • Oil Pressure Sending Units
        • Oil Pump Pick-Up Screens
        • Oil Pumps
        • O-Rings, Gaskets, Seals And Spring Locks
        • Park Neutral Position Switches
        • PCV Breather Elements
        • PCV Orifices
        • PCV Valves
        • Pick-Up Assemblies (Includes Magnetic, Hall Effect And Optical)
        • Power Steering Pressure Sensors
        • Powertrain Control Modules (Pcm) And Prom
        • Powertrain Control Prom
        • Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Blades
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiators
        • Roll Over Valves
        • Sealing Compounds
        • Seals
        • Secondary Air Injection System Management Devices
        • Sensors
        • Short Block Assemblies
        • Shrouds, Baffles And Deflectors
        • Spark Plugs
        • Spring Locks
        • Super Chargers
        • Switches
        • Thermal Vacuum Valves
        • Thermostatic Air Door Assemblies
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Throttle Bodies
        • Throttle Body Cleaning
        • Throttle Cables
        • Throttle Linkages And Cables
        • Throttle Position Sensors
        • Throttle Position Switches
        • Timing Belt Sprockets
        • Timing Belts
        • Timing Covers
        • Torque Struts
        • Transmission Range Switches
        • Tube Clamps
        • Tube Connectors
        • Tube Couplers
        • Tubes
        • Turbo Chargers
        • Vacuum Connections
        • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
        • Vacuum Regulator Solenoids
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valve Covers
        • Vehicle Speed Senors
        • Volume Air Flow Sensors
        • Waste Gate And Boost Control Mechanisms
        • Waste Gate Control Solenoids
        • Water Pumps (Electric)
        • Water Pumps (Non-Electric)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • General Information
      • Testing For Parasitic Load
        • Notes
        • CHRYSLER Ignition Off Draw (IOD) Test
        • Test Procedure Using Test Switch
        • Intermittent Parasitic Load Problems
        • Diode Check & Solenoid Test
        • Quad Driver Test
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
    • Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose Of This Article
        • Notes
        • Scope Of This Article
      • Is A Lab Scope Necessary?
        • Introduction
        • Overview Of NOID Light
          • Notes
          • Use the Right Noid Light
        • Overview Of DVOM
          • Notes
          • Checking Injector Resistance
          • Checking Available Voltage At the Injector
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Built-In Function
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Dwell Or Duty
          • How A Duty Cycle Meter and Dwell Meter Work
          • Strengths of Dwell/Duty Meter
          • Weaknesses of Dwell/Duty Meter
      • The Two Types Of Injector Drivers
        • Notes
        • Overview
        • Voltage Controlled Circuit ("Saturated Switch")
        • Current Controlled Circuit ("Peak & Hold")
      • The Two Ways Injector Circuits Are Wired
      • Interpreting Injector Waveforms
        • Notes
        • Interpreting A Voltage Controlled Pattern
        • Interpreting A Current Controlled Pattern
      • Current Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
      • Voltage Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
  • Map - Exhaust Systems
    • Exhaust Systems
      • Notes
      • Map Standards Of Service
      • The Map Process - Overview
      • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Catalytic Converters
      • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
      • Exhaust Connections
      • Hangers
      • Heat Risers (Mechanical EFE Devices)
      • Heat Shields
      • Manifolds (Cast And Tube Type)
      • Mechanical EFE Devices
      • Muffler Valve
      • Mufflers And Resonators
    • Reason Code Explanation
  • Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
    • Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accumulators
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Air Conditioning Fittings
        • Air Conditioning Hoses
        • Air Conditioning Metal Lines
        • Air Control Doors
        • Air Dams (External)
        • Air Distribution System
        • Belts
        • Blend Doors
        • Blower Fans (Blower Wheel Or Squirrel Cage)
        • Blower Motors
        • Blower Resistors
        • Blower Switches
        • Cabin Air Filters
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Compressor Clutch Assemblies
        • Compressors
        • Condenser Air Seals
        • Condenser Fan Motors
        • Condensers
        • Connectors
        • Control Cables
        • Control Heads (Function Selectors)
        • Control Linkages
        • Control Modules
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Blades
        • Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Evaporator Drain Tubes
        • Evaporator Filters
        • Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPRS)
        • Evaporators
        • Expansion Valves
        • Function Selectors
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gaskets
        • Heater Cases
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Heater Hoses
        • High Pressure Relief Valves (HPRV)
        • Idlers
        • In-Line Filters
        • Metal Fittings
        • Metal Lines
        • Mix And Air Control Doors (Blend Doors)
        • ORIFACE Tubes
        • O-Rings
        • Pilot-Operated Absolutes (POAS)
        • Plenums
        • Pressure Control Valves
        • Pressure Sensors
        • Pulleys
        • Radiators
        • Receiver-DRIERS
        • Refrigerant Oil
        • Refrigerant
        • Relays
        • Seals
        • Service Ports
        • Spring Lock Couplings
        • Suction Throttling Valves (STVS)
        • Switches (Electrical)
        • TENSIONERS
        • Thermistors And Pressure Sensors
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
        • Vacuum Reservoirs
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valves In Receiver (VIRS)
        • Water Pumps (Electric Auxiliary)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Hoist/Jack
    • Lifting And Towing
      • Lifting
        • Notes
        • Vehicle jack
        • Hydraulic jack
        • Raising and supporting the vehicle
          • Notes
          • Raising the front of the vehicle
          • Raising the rear of the vehicle
        • Wheel-free lift
      • Towing
        • Towing
          • Notes
          • Towing on 4 wheels with driver operating steering and brakes
          • Suspended tow
        • Towinglashing eyes
      • Transporting
        • Transporting by trailer
  • Identification
    • CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
      • * Please Read This First *
      • ACURA
      • ASUNA
      • AUDI
      • BMW
      • CHRYSLER Corp.
        • CHRYSLER
        • Dodge
        • Eagle
        • PLYMOUTH
      • General Motors
        • BUICK
        • CHEVROLET
        • GMC
        • OLDSMOBILE
        • Optima
        • PONTIAC
      • HYUNDAI
      • Jaguar
      • KIA
      • MAZDA
      • MERCEDES-BENZ
      • Mercury
      • MERKUR
      • MITSUBISHI
      • NISSAN
      • RENAULT
      • SATURN
      • Smart
      • SUBARU
      • SUZUKI
      • TOYOTA
      • VOLKSWAGEN
      • VOLVO
      • All Others
  • Metric Conversions
    • Engine Displacement Conversion Table - ECAT
      • Conversion Table
    • Metric Conversions
      • Metric Conversions
        • Notes
        • Length
        • Volume
        • Torque
        • Pressure
      • Conversion Factors
  • OEM General Information
    • General Precautions
      • Dangerous substances
        • Notes
        • Synthetic rubber
        • Lubricating oils
        • Health protection precautions
    • Safety Instructions
      • Notes
      • Jacking
      • Brake pads
      • Brake hydraulics
      • Cooling system caps and plugs
      • Air suspension
    • Environmental Precautions
      • General
      • Emissions to air
        • Notes
        • Exhaust fumes
        • Solvents
        • Refrigerant
        • Checklist
      • Discharges to water
        • Notes
        • Additional precautions
        • Checklist
        • Spill kits
      • Land contamination
        • Notes
        • Checklist
      • Legal compliance
        • Notes
        • Checklist
      • Local issues
        • Notes
        • Checklist
      • Use of resource
        • Notes
        • Checklist
      • Waste Management
        • Notes
        • Handling and storage of waste
        • Disposal of waste
    • General Fitting Instructions
      • Component removal
      • Dismantling
      • Cleaning components
      • General inspection
    • Ball and Roller Bearings
      • General
    • Oil Seals
      • General
    • Joints and Joint Faces
      • General
    • Locking Devices
      • General
      • Tab washers
      • Locking nuts
      • Roll pins
      • Circlips
      • Keys and keyways
      • Split pins
    • Screw Threads
      • General
    • Bolt and Nut Identification
      • Bolt identification
      • Encapsulated bolts and screws
      • Self-locking bolts and screws
      • Nut identification
        • Notes
        • Self-locking nuts
    • Flexible Pipes and Hoses
      • General
      • Fuel system hoses
        • Notes
        • Fuel system hose clips
      • Cooling system hoses
        • Notes
        • Hose orientation and connection
        • Hose clips
        • Heat protection
    • Service Tools
    • Rolling Road Testing
      • General
      • Four wheel rolling road
      • Two wheel rolling road
    • Fuel Handling Precautions
      • Notes
      • General
      • Fuel tank draining
      • Fuel tank removal
      • Fuel tank repairs-plastic tank
      • Body repairs
    • Electrical Precautions
      • General
      • Equipment
      • Polarity
      • High voltage circuits
      • Connectors and harnesses
      • Battery disconnection
      • Battery charging
      • Ignition system safety precautions
      • Disciplines
      • Grease for electrical connectors
    • Supplementary Restraint System (SRS) Precautions
      • Notes
      • General Precautions
      • Making the system safe
        • Notes
        • Installation
        • SRS component testing precautions
        • Handling and storage
        • SRS harness and connectors
      • Side impact crash sensor inspection
        • Notes
        • Rotary coupler precautions
        • Airbag location labels
      • Vehicle Recovery
      • Airbag and pre-tensioner deployment
    • SRS Component Replacement Policy
      • Notes
      • Front airbag deployment (driver and passenger)
      • Side (Thorax airbags)
      • Head airbag modules
      • Rear impacts
      • Periodic replacement of SRS components
    • Air Conditioning System Precautions
      • General
      • Remedial actions
      • Service precautions
        • Notes
        • Refrigerant oil
        • Compressor
        • Rapid refrigerant discharge
      • Precautions for refrigerant recovery, recycling and recharging
      • Air Conditioning Compressor Replacement
    • Body Repairs
      • General
      • Straightening
      • Body jig
      • Inspection
  • Reset Procedures
    • ATEQ TPMS Reset Procedure
      • ATEQ TPMS Reset Procedure
    • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
      • Emissions Maintenance Reminder
        • Notes
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
      • Engine Oil Level Reminder
        • Notes
        • Engine Oil Level Reminder Reset Procedure
          • Notes
          • Viewing Oil Level Display
          • Resetting Oil Level Display
      • Maintenance Service Reminder
        • Notes
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
      • Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
        • Notes
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
    • Tire Pressure Monitor Systems
      • Description & Operation
        • Notes
        • Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) System
        • Tire Pressure Monitor Warning Display
      • TPMS Reset Procedures
        • Notes
        • Tire Pressure Monitor System REINITIALIZATION
      • Dismounting/Mounting Procedures
        • Notes
        • Tire Pressure Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Torque Specifications
  • Restraints
    • Air Bag Deactivation Procedures
      • AUDI
        • System Operation Check
          • Allroad, A4, A6, A8, S4, S8 & TT
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Allroad, A4, A6, A8, S4, S8 & TT
      • BMW
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • HONDA
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Accord)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Accord)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Civic & Civic Si)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Civic & Civic Si)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (CR-V, Insight, Odyssey & S2000)
          • Activating Air Bag System (CR-V, Insight, Odyssey & S2000)
      • INFINITI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • ISUZU
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling System (Axiom, Rodeo, Rodeo Sport & Trooper)
          • Activating System (Axiom, Rodeo, Rodeo Sport & Trooper)
      • Jaguar
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • KIA
        • System Operation Check
          • All Models, Except Optima & Sedona
          • Optima & Sedona
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • Land Rover
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • LEXUS
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • MAZDA
        • System Operation Check
          • B Series Pickup & Tribute
          • Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata, Protege & 626
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling System (B Series Pickup)
          • Activating System (B Series Pickup)
          • Disabling System (Tribute)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Tribute)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
      • MITSUBISHI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • NISSAN
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • PORSCHE
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • SAAB
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • SUZUKI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • TOYOTA
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • VOLKSWAGEN
        • System Operation Check
          • Cabrio, EuroVan, Golf, GTI, Jetta, New Beetle & Passat
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Cabrio, EuroVan, Golf, GTI, Jetta, New Beetle & Passat
    • Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables - EUROPEAN
      • ALFA Romeo (1991-95)
      • AUDI (1989-04)
      • BMW (1986-04)
      • Jaguar (1990-04)
      • Land Rover (1995-04)
      • MERCEDES-BENZ (1986-04)
      • Mini (2002-04)
      • PORSCHE (1987-04)
      • SAAB (1989-04)
      • VOLKSWAGEN (1990-04)
      • VOLVO (1987-04)
  • Specifications Index
    • Common Specs & Procedures
      • Common Specs & Procedures
  • Steering
    • Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
      • Steering & Suspension Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Wheel And Tire
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
      • Steering & Suspension CHECKSHEET
      • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
      • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
        • Notes
        • Active Handling
        • Active Suspension Control Modules
        • Active Variable Ratio Steering
        • Active Yaw Control
        • Adaptive Cruise Control
        • Advance TRAC
        • Air Bags
        • Air Ride Control Modules
        • Air Ride Suspension Torsion Springs (Counter Balancing)
        • Air Ride Suspension
        • Air Ride Tubes
        • Air Shocks And Air Struts
        • Air Spring Valves
        • Air Springs
        • Air Suspension Control Valves
        • Air Suspension DRIERS
        • Axle Acceleration Sensor
        • Ball Joints
        • Body Acceleration Sensor
        • Bushings
        • Center Links
        • Compressors
        • Continuous Damping Control
        • Control Arm Shafts
        • Control Arms
        • Control Modules
        • Distance Regulation Control Module
        • Distance Regulation Sensor
        • Drag Links
        • Dynamic Stability Control
        • Dynamic Stability Traction Control
        • Electronic Ride Control Shocks And Struts
        • Electronic Stability Control
        • Electronic Suspension System
        • Flex Couplers
        • Gaskets
        • Height Sensors
        • Hydraulic Hoses
        • Hydraulic Power Steering Pumps
        • Hydraulic Suspension Hoses
        • Hydraulic Suspension Pumps
        • Idler Arms
        • Intermediate Shaft U-Joints
        • King Pins
        • Modules
        • Pitman Arms
        • Power Steering Belts
        • Power Steering Coolers
        • Power Steering Fluid
        • Power Steering Hoses
        • Power Steering Lines (Steel)
        • Power Steering Pumps - Electric
        • Power Steering Pumps
        • Radar Sensor
        • Radius Arms
        • Relay Rods
        • Relays
        • Sensors
        • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
        • Spindles
        • Springs, Coil, Leaf And Torsion Bars
        • STABILITRAC
        • Stability Management System
        • Steering Angle Sensor
        • Steering Arms
        • Steering Couplers
        • Steering Dampers
        • Steering Gears (Except Rack And Pinion)
        • Steering Gears, Rack And Pinion
        • Steering Knuckles
        • Strike Out Bumpers
        • Strut Bearing Plate Assemblies
        • Strut Rods
        • Suspension Pumps (Hydraulic)
        • Sway Bar Links
        • Sway Bar Mounting Bushings
        • Sway Bars
        • Switches
        • Tie Rod Ends (Inner And Outer)
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
        • Tire Pressure Sensors
        • Tires
        • Torque Sensor
        • Torsion Springs
        • Track Bar Bushings
        • Track Bars
        • Trailing Arm Bushings
        • Trailing Arms
        • Valve Stems
        • Vehicle Dynamics Control
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor
        • Vehicle Stability Assist
        • Vehicle Stability/Skid Control
        • Warning Lamps
        • Wheel Alignment
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheels (Rims)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Pre-Alignment Instructions
        • Notes
        • General Alignment Checks
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Camber
        • Caster
        • Toe-In Adjustment
        • Toe-Out On Turns
        • Steering Axis Inclination
  • Towing
    • Trailer Socket
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • Light Check Module (LCM)
          • Notes
          • Rear Fog Lamp
          • Reverse Lamp
  • Traction Control Disable Procedures
    • Traction Control Disable
  • Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
    • * Please Read This First *
    • Introduction
• Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
  • General Servicing
    • Cabin Air Filter
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Cabin Air Filter
          • Removal & Installation (1995-2001)
          • Removal & Installation (2002-2006)
  • HVAC Control Systems
    • Air Conditioning - Component Locations
      • Refrigerant System Component Location
      • Heater Assembly and Ducting Component Location
      • Control System Component Location
      • FBH System Component Location
      • Description
        • General
        • Refrigerant System
          • Notes
          • Compressor
          • Condenser
          • Thermostatic Expansion Valve
          • Evaporator
          • Refrigerant Lines
        • Air Inlet Housing
        • Heater Assembly
          • Notes
          • Blower
          • Heater matrix
          • Control Flaps
          • Control Flap Motors
        • Distribution Ducts
        • Forced Ventilation Outlets
        • Rear Blower (High Line System Only)
        • ATC Ecu
          • Notes
          • Inputs and Outputs
            • Notes
            • ATC ECU Harness Connector C0249 Pin Details
            • ATC ECU Harness Connector C1630 Pin Details
            • ATC ECU Harness Connector C2295 Pin Details
          • Sensors
          • In-car Temperature Sensor
          • Refrigerant Pressure Sensor
          • Evaporator Temperature Sensor
          • Heater Matrix Temperature Sensor
          • Sunlight Sensor
          • Pollution Sensor
        • Auxiliary Coolant Pump
        • Coolant Valve
        • FBH System
          • Notes
          • FBH Fuel Pump
          • FBH Unit
          • Changeover Valve
          • FBH Receiver
          • FBH Remote Handset
      • AC Control Diagram - Low Line System, Sheet 1 of 2
      • AC Control Diagram - Low Line System, Sheet 2 of 2
      • AC Control Diagram - High Line System, Sheet 1 of 2
      • AC Control Diagram - High Line System, Sheet 2 of 2
      • Operation
        • General
        • Compressor Control
        • Engine Idle Speed Control
        • Engine Cooling Fan Control
        • Temperature Control
        • Flap Control - Low Line System
        • Flap Control - High Line System
          • Notes
          • Ram Air Flaps
          • Recirculation Flaps
          • Distribution Flaps
        • Blower Control
        • Defrost Program (High Line System Only)
        • Maximum AC (High Line System Only)
        • Rest Heating (High Line System Only)
        • Rear Passenger Face Level Air (High Line System Only)
        • Windscreen Heater (Where Fitted)
        • Rear Window Heater
        • Washer Jet Heaters
        • Parked Ventilation
        • FBH System
          • Notes
          • Parked Heating Ventilation
          • Additional Heating
          • FBH Unit
            • Notes
            • Cool Down Times
    • Air Conditioning - Recovery, Removal & Installation
      • 82.30.02 Refrigerant recovery-recycling and recharge
        • Refrigerant recovery
        • Evacuation
        • Recharging
      • 82.10.02 Drive belt -compressor-Td6
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.10.02 Drive belt-compressor-V8
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.10.05 Tensioner -compressor drive belt-Td6
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.10.05 Tensioner -compressor drive belt-V8
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.10.20 Compressor-Td6
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.10.20 Compressor-V8
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.15.01 Motor-condenser fan
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.15.07 Condenser
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.17.05 Drier desiccant bag
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.20.38 Sensor-refrigerant pressure
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.20.92 Sensor-solar light -automatic temperature control
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.20.93 Sensor-air temperature-automatic temperature control
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.20.95 Sensor-evaporator temperature-LHD
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.20.95 Sensor-evaporator temperature-RHD
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.25.01 Valve-thermostatic expansion (TXV)-LHD
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.25.01 Valve-thermostatic expansion (TXV)-RHD
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 82.25.20 Evaporator
        • Remove
        • Refit
    • Automatic A/C-Heater System
      • Specifications
      • Description
      • Operation
        • A/C System Control
          • Notes
          • Fresh/Recirculated Air Selection
          • Blower Control
          • Temperature Control
          • Air Distribution
          • Defrost Mode
          • Cold Start Up
          • Hot Start Up
          • Ambient Temperature Damping
          • Ambient Temperature Input Strategy
        • A/C-Heater Control Panel
          • A/C On/Off Switch
          • Automatic Mode (AUTO) Button
          • Defrost Program Mode (PROG) Switch
          • Fresh/Recirculated Air Switch
          • Air Distribution Mode Control
          • Rear Window Heater Switch
          • Windshield Heater Switch
          • Temperature Control Switches
        • Compressor Control
        • Recalibrating Flaps
        • ATC Ecu Diagnostics
      • Adjustments
        • Compressor Oil Level
      • Trouble Shooting
        • Notes
        • Blower Motors Inoperative Or Slow Running
        • Blower Motor Vibration
        • Compressor Clutch Inoperative
        • Condenser Fan Motor Inoperative Or Slow Running
        • Condenser Fan Motor And/Or Condenser Vibration
        • Heater Emits Cold Air Only
        • Heater Emits Hot Air Only
        • Heater Emits Hot Or Cold Air Through One Vent Or Incorrect Vent
        • Heating & Ventilation System Inoperative
        • Individual Heating & Ventilation Function Inoperative When Switch Control Panel Used
        • No Boosted Air Supply To Heater Distribution Unit
        • Poor Air Supply From Distribution Unit To Defrost, Instrument Panel Or FOOTWELL Vents
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • A/C System Performance
        • A/C System Operation Test
      • Component Tests
        • Ambient Air Temperature Sensor
        • Dual-Pressure Switch
        • Single Pressure Switch
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • A/C-Heater Unit
          • Removal & Installation
        • Air Flap Servos
          • Removal (Recirculation Flap Servos)
          • Installation
          • Removal & Installation (Blend Air Flap & Air Distribution Flap Servos)
        • A/C-Heater Control Panel
          • Removal & Installation
        • Blower Motors
          • Removal & Installation
        • Compressor
          • Removal & Installation (Nippondenso)
          • Removal & Installation (Sanden)
        • Condenser
          • Removal & Installation
        • Evaporator
          • Removal & Installation
        • Heater Core
          • Removal & Installation
        • Instrument Panel
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Thermostatic Expansion Valve
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Automatic Temperature Control (ATC)
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
    • Automatic Temperature Control (ATC) & Comfort
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
    • Fuel Burning Heater (FBH) - V8
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • FBH Receiver
        • FBH Pump
        • Changeover Valve
    • Heating And Ventilation - Removal & Installation
      • 80.10.02 Controls - heater (ECU)
        • Notes
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.10.09 Sensor - pollution detection
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.10.36 Motor - windscreen air vent
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.15.04 Fresh air vent - face level
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.15.24 Ventilator(s) - center
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.15.42 Filter - fresh air intake
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.15.62 Plenum - air intake
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.20.01.99 Heater unit HEVAC - remove for access & refit
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.20.04 Motor assembly - select (air blend) control
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.20.10 Motor assembly - fresh & recirculated air control - LH
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.20.11 Motor assembly - fresh & recirculated air control - RH
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.20.15 Motor-fan
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.20.17 Resistor unit - fan motor - LHD
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.20.17 Resistor unit - fan motor - RHD
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.20.20 Motor - footwell air vent
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.20.29 Heater matrix
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.40.01 Fuel Burning Heater (FBH) - Td6
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.40.02 Receiver - fuel burning heater (FBH)
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.40.31 Sensor - ambient temperature
        • Remove
        • Refit
      • 80.40.40 Fuel pump - Fuel Burning Heater (FBH) Td6
        • Remove
        • Refit
• Maintenance
  • Procedures
    • Maintenance
      • Td6 Diesel engine underbonnet view
      • V8 Engine underbonnet view
      • Seats and seat belts
        • Check
      • Lamps, horns and warning indicators
        • Check
      • Wipers and washers
        • Check
      • Handbrake
        • Check
      • Road wheels
        • Remove and refit
      • Tires
        • Check
      • Brake pads, discs and calipers
        • Check
      • Brake fluid
        • Replace
      • Fuel filter element - Td6 engine
        • Replace
      • Anti-freeze
        • Replace
      • Cooling system
        • Check and top-up
      • Spark plugs - V8 engine
        • Replace
      • Air cleaner element - Td6 engine
        • Replace
      • Air cleaner element - V8 engine
        • Replace
      • Ancillary drive belt
        • Check
      • Fluid reservoirs
        • Checktop-up - Brake fluid reservoir
        • Checktop-up - PAS reservoir
        • Checktop-up - Screen and headlamp washer reservoir
      • Battery
        • Check
        • Clean
      • Engine oil and filter - Td6 engine
        • Notes
        • Replace
      • Engine oil and filter - V8 engine
        • Notes
        • Replace
      • Gearbox fluid - Td6
        • Checktop-up
      • Gearbox fluid - V8
        • Checktop-up
      • Brake hose, brake pipes, fuel pipes, hydraulic pipes and unions electrical harnesses
        • Check - general
        • Check - Td6V8 engine fuel pipes
        • Power steering and suspension
      • Engine, automatic gearbox, transfer box, front and rear and differentials
        • Check
      • Exhaust system
        • Check
      • Underbody
        • Check
      • Body
        • Check
      • Steering rod ball joints and dust covers
        • Check
      • Roadroller test
        • Notes
        • Testing
    • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
      • Emissions Maintenance Reminder
        • Notes
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
      • Engine Oil Level Reminder
        • Notes
        • Engine Oil Level Reminder Reset Procedure
          • Notes
          • Viewing Oil Level Display
          • Resetting Oil Level Display
      • Maintenance Service Reminder
        • Notes
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
      • Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
        • Notes
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
• Restraints
  • Air Bag, SRS
    • Air Bag Restraint Systems
      • Description & Operation
      • Component Locations
      • Servicing
      • System Operation Check
      • Air Bag Safety Precautions
      • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
        • Notes
        • Disabling System
        • Activating System
      • Disposal Procedures
        • Notes
        • Deployment Tool Test
        • On-Vehicle Deployment (Scrapped Vehicles Only)
          • Notes
          • Driver-side AIR Bag
          • Passenger-side AIR Bag
          • Side AIR Bag
          • Seat Belt Pretensioner
        • Off-Vehicle Deployment
          • Notes
          • Driver-side AIR Bag
          • Passenger-side AIR Bag
          • Side AIR Bag
      • Post-Collision Inspection
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Air Bag Diagnostic Control Unit (DCU)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Center Console
          • Removal & Installation
        • Driver-Side Air Bag Module
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Impact Sensors
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Seat
          • Removal & Installation
        • Passenger-Side Air Bag Module
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rotary Coupler (CLOCKSPRING)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Seat Belt PRETENSIONER
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Side Air Bag Module
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Steering Wheel
          • Removal & Installation
      • Diagnostics
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables - EUROPEAN
      • ALFA Romeo (1991-95)
      • AUDI (1989-04)
      • BMW (1986-04)
      • Jaguar (1990-04)
      • Land Rover (1995-04)
      • MERCEDES-BENZ (1986-04)
      • Mini (2002-04)
      • PORSCHE (1987-04)
      • SAAB (1989-04)
      • VOLKSWAGEN (1990-04)
      • VOLVO (1987-04)
• Steering
  • Steering Column
    • Description
      • General
    • Operation
      • Non-Memory Steering Column
        • Power Distribution
        • Steering Column Switch
        • Tilt Movement
        • Reach Movement
• Suspension
  • Electronic Suspension
    • Description & Operation
      • Notes
      • Front & Rear Suspension
      • EAS System Operation
      • Air Compressor
      • Air Drier
      • Air Reservoir
      • Air Springs
      • Driver Controls
      • Height Sensors
      • Ride Height Positions
        • Notes
        • Self-Leveling
        • Standard Ride Height
        • Low Ride Height
        • Access Mode
        • Crawl Mode
        • High Ride Height
        • Extended Ride Height
      • Valve Block
    • Jacking & Hoisting
      • Notes
      • Floor Jack
      • Hoist
    • Adjustments & Inspection
      • Wheel Alignment Specifications & Procedures
      • Riding Height
      • EAS System Calibration
      • EAS System Leak Testing & Repair
        • Notes
        • Leak Testing
        • Repairing Air Line At Connection
    • Trouble Shooting
      • Notes
      • Symptom Diagnosis
        • Notes
        • Hard Ride
        • Vehicle Suspension Permanently In Standard Height Mode
        • Excessive Body Roll At Front Or Rear Of Vehicle
        • Suspension Knock
        • Air System Faulty Or Inoperative
        • Vehicle Leaning Side-To-Side Or Front-To-Rear With EAS System Operative
    • Removal & Installation
      • Notes
      • Depressurizing & Pressurizing EAS System
        • Notes
        • Depressurizing EAS System
        • Pressurizing EAS System
      • Air Reservoir
        • Removal & Installation
      • Air Spring
        • Notes
        • Removal & Installation (Front)
        • Removal & Installation (Rear)
      • EAS Air Compressor
        • Removal & Installation
      • Height Sensors
        • Removal & Installation (Front)
        • Removal & Installation (Rear)
      • Hub & Drive Shaft Assembly
        • Removal (Front)
        • Installation
        • Removal (Rear)
      • Shock Absorbers
        • Notes
        • Removal & Installation
      • Solenoid Coil
        • Notes
        • Removal & Installation
      • Steering Knuckle/Swivel Hub
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Swivel Hub-To-Axle Housing Alignment
        • Notes
        • Swivel Hub-To-Axle Housing Alignment
      • Valve Block
        • Removal
        • Installation
    • Torque Specifications
    • Wiring Diagrams
  • Front Suspension
    • Air Suspension
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
    • Suspension - Front
      • Description
      • Jacking & Hoisting
        • Notes
        • Floor Jack
        • Hoist
      • Adjustments & Inspection
        • Wheel Alignment Specifications & Procedures
        • Front Axle Housing Leak Inspection
        • Riding Height
      • Removal & Installation
        • Anti-Roll Bar
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
        • Anti-Roll Bar Ball Joint Link (Discovery)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Ball Joint - Lower (Discovery II)
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Ball Joint - Upper (Discovery II)
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Coil Spring
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
        • Front Axle & Swivel Housing (Discovery)
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Radius Arm
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
        • Radius Rod
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
        • Shock Absorber
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
        • Steering Knuckle (Discovery II)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Stub Axle Bearing & Seal (Discovery)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Wheel Hub
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery)
          • Removal & Installation (Discovery II)
      • Torque Specifications
  • Rear Suspension
    • Suspension - Rear
      • Description
      • Adjustments & Inspection
      • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Suspension
        • Wheel Bearing (Discovery)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Wheel Hub & Bearing (Discovery II)
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Torque Specifications
  • Wheel Alignment
    • Specifications & Procedures
      • Riding Height Check
      • Jacking & Hoisting
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Jack
        • Hydraulic Jack
          • Notes
          • Raise The Front Of The Vehicle
          • Raise The Rear Of The Vehicle
      • Wheel Alignment Procedures
        • Check
        • Adjust
        • Steering Box Centralization
          • Notes
          • Check
          • Adjust
          • Road Test
        • Lock Stop Adjust
          • Adjust
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wheel Alignment Specifications
  • Wheels & Tire System
    • Tire Pressure Monitoring (TPM)
      • Description
        • General
      • Operation
        • Power Distribution
        • TPM Antennae
        • TPM Reset Switch
• Transmission
  • Automatic Trans
    • Automatic Transmission - Removal & Installation
      • Application
      • Removal & Installation
        • Discovery
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Range Rover
      • Torque Specifications
        • Discovery
        • Range Rover
        • Standard Torque Specifications
    • On-Vehicle Servicing
      • Application
      • Component Locations
      • Lubrication
        • Service Intervals
        • Checking Fluid Level
          • Transmission (Range Rover)
          • Transfer Case
        • Recommended Fluid
          • Transmission
          • Transfer Case
        • Fluid Capacities
        • Draining & Refilling
          • Transmission
          • Transfer Case
      • Adjustments
        • Cruise Control Cable
        • Gear Position Switch
        • KICKDOWN Cable
        • Shift Cable
        • Starter Inhibitor Switch
        • Throttle Cable
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Auto Gear Box Control Unit
          • Removal & Installation
        • Body Electrical Control Module
          • Removal & Installation
        • Center Console
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Gear Position Switch
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Gear Selector Cable
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Gear Selector Indicator Mode Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Gear Selector Lever Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Gear Selector Lever Shaft Seal
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Lock-Up Solenoid Valve (MV3)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Pressure Regulator Solenoid Valve
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shift Control Solenoid Valves (MV1 & MV2)
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Solenoid Valve Wire Harnesses
          • Removal & Installation
        • Transmission Fluid Cooler
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Valve Body
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Valve Body Seals
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
    • Transmission Diagnosis - With Codes
      • Application
      • Identification
      • Description
        • Notes
        • General
        • Auto Gear Box Control Unit
        • "H" Gate Gear Selector Lever Assembly
        • Gear Position Switch
        • Gear Ratios
        • Automatic Transmission
        • Automatic Transmission Housing
        • Automatic Transmission Power Flows
        • Intermediate Plate
        • Lock-Up Solenoid Valve (MV3) & Shift Control Solenoid Valves (MV1 & MV2)
        • Output Shaft Speed Sensor
        • Pressure Regulator Solenoid Valve
        • Rear Extension Housing
        • Selector Cable
        • Torque Converter Housing
        • Transmission Fluid Cooler
      • Operation
        • General
        • Calibration Selection
        • Diagnostics
        • Economy, Sport & Manual Modes
        • Fault Effects & Warning Indicators
        • Gear Selector Lever Interlock (If Equipped)
        • Increased Load/Reduced Torque Compensation
        • KICKDOWN
        • Mechanical Limp Home
        • Shift Control
        • Shift Interlock System
        • Torque Converter Lock-Up
          • Notes
          • High Range
          • Low Range
        • Using "H" Gate
          • Notes
          • High Range Gears
          • Gear Selector Lever Positions
          • Sport Mode
          • Low Range Gears
          • Manual Mode
          • Transfer Neutral
      • Component Locations
      • Programming
      • Trouble Shooting
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Inspection
        • Symptom Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • Harsh Gear Changes, Poor Gear Selection, Gear Slip Or Loss Of Drive Or Intermittent Failure Of Park Lock Function
          • Large Amount Of Friction Material In Pan Or On The Filter Screen
          • Loss Of Drive Or Slipping Transmission
          • Transmission Fluid Leaking Out Of Dipstick Tube
          • Transmission Shifting Erratically
          • Transmission Slipping On Acceleration, Erratic Upshifts, Vehicle Jerking While Accelerating Or Engine Revs (Flares) On Upshift
      • Performance Tests
        • Torque Converter Road Test
        • Hydraulic Pressure Tests
        • Stall Speed Test
        • Clutch & Servo Air Checks
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Test Procedure
        • Power Or Communication Lost To Auto Gear Box Control Unit
        • Retrieving Diagnostic Trouble Codes
        • System Monitors
          • Notes
          • End Of Line Programming Monitoring
          • Gear Ratio Functional Check Monitoring
          • Pressure Regulator Solenoid Monitoring
          • Shift Solenoids Monitoring
          • System Interfaces Monitoring
          • Torque Converter Clutch Solenoid Monitoring
          • Transmission Control Module Monitoring
          • Transmission Range Switch Monitoring
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
        • Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
        • Summary
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • Fault Code 01: Transmission Relay Control (Relay Sticks, Short Circuit)/Solenoid Valves Power Supply Relay Sticking Open Or Short Circuit
        • Fault Code 02: Transmission Relay Control (Relay Sticks, Open Circuit)/Solenoid Valves Power Supply Relay Sticking Closed Or Open Circuit
        • Fault Code 03: EEPROM Communication Fault/Ecu Fault, EEPROM Communication
        • Fault Code 04: EEPROM Checksum Fault/Ecu EEPROM Checksum
        • Fault Code 05: Torque Converter Lock-Up Clutch Monitoring/Torque Converter Lock-Up Clutch Fault
        • Fault Code 06: Watchdog Check, Ecu Fault
        • Fault Code 07: Solenoid Valve Lockup Clutch Check (Short Circuit To Voltage)/Torque Converter Lock-Up Solenoid (MV3) Short Circuit
        • Fault Code 08: Solenoid Valve 1 Check (Short Circuit To Voltage)/Shift Solenoid (MV1) Short Circuit
        • Fault Code 09: Solenoid Valve 2 Check (Short Circuit To Voltage)/Shift Solenoid (MV2) Short Circuit
        • Fault Code 10: Pressure Regulator Check (Short Circuit To Voltage)/Pressure Regulating Solenoid (MV4) Short Circuit
        • Fault Code 11: Can Message MD-REIB Invalid (FFH)/Can Message: Engine Friction Invalid
        • Fault Code 12: MES Line 1 Fault/BECM To Message Center Circuit Fault
        • Fault Code 13: MES Line 2 Fault/BECM To Message Center Circuit Fault
        • Fault Code 14: Position Switch Monitoring (Permanent)/Gear Position Switch Incorrect Outputs
        • Fault Code 15: Can Level Monitoring
        • Fault Code 16: Can Bus Monitoring/Can Bus Fault
        • Fault Code 17: Can Time-Out Monitoring
        • Fault Code 18: Can Message WFPDK (Throttle Angle) In Invalid (FFH)/Can Message: Throttle Position Invalid
        • Fault Code 19: Can Message T-Mot Invalid (FFH)/Can Message: Engine Temperature Invalid
        • Fault Code 20: Can Message V3 (Road Speed) Invalid (FFH)/Can Message: Road Speed Invalid
        • Fault Code 21: Downshift Safety Monitoring/Downshift Safety Monitor Prevented Downshift Which Would Have Caused Engine OVERSPEED
        • Fault Code 22: Stall Speed Monitoring/Torque Converter Slipping
        • Fault Code 23: Position Switch During Cranking/Gear Position Switch Incorrect Outputs
        • Fault Code 24: Battery Supply Check/Battery Supply Below 9 Volts While Engine Is Running
        • Fault Code 25: Solenoid Valve For TC (Short Circuit To Ground, Or Open Circuit)/Torque Converter Lock-Up Solenoid (MV3) Open Circuit
        • Fault Code 26: Solenoid Valve 1 (Line Short Circuit Ground, Or Open Circuit)/Shift Solenoid (MV1) Open Circuit
        • Fault Code 27: Solenoid Valve 2 (Line Short Circuit Ground, Or Open Circuit)/Shift Solenoid (MV2) Open Circuit
        • Fault Code 28: Pressure Regulator (Line Short Circuit To Ground, Or Open Circuit)/Pressure Regulating Solenoid (MV4) Open Circuit
        • Fault Code 29: Gear Ratio Monitoring, 1ST Gear/Ratio Monitoring Implausible 1ST Gear Ratio
        • Fault Code 30: Gear Ratio Monitoring, 2ND Gear/Ratio Monitoring Implausible 2ND Gear Ratio
        • Fault Code 31: Gear Ratio Monitoring, 3RD Gear/Ratio Monitoring Implausible 3RD Gear Ratio
        • Fault Code 32: Gear Ratio Monitoring, 4TH Gear/Ratio Monitoring Implausible 4TH Gear Ratio
        • Fault Code 33: Can Message MD-Ind Invalid, Indicated By F-TL-MES/Can Message: Engine Torque Invalid
        • Fault Code 34: Can Message MD-Ind Invalid (FFH)/Can Message: Engine Torque Invalid
        • Fault Code 35: Can Message N-Mot Invalid, Indicated By F-N-Mot/Can Message: Engine Speed Invalid
        • Fault Code 36: Transmission Calibration Selection Incorrect/Invalid
        • Fault Code 37: Can Message T-Ans Invalid (FFH)/Can Message: Engine Air Intake Temperature Invalid
        • Fault Code 38: Can Message FHOEHE Invalid (FFH)/Can Message: Altitude Shift Control Invalid
        • Fault Code 39: Range Switch Plausibility Error/Transmission High/Low Range Implausible Input
      • Special Tools
      • Connector Identification
      • Wiring Diagrams
  • Hydraulic Diagrams
    • Application
    • Hydraulic Diagrams
      • Automatic Transmission Power Flows
  • Transfer Case Overhaul- (44-62)
    • Vehicle Applications
    • Introduction
      • How To Use This Article
      • References
      • Dimensions
    • Description & Operation
      • General
      • Transfer Box
        • Transfer Box
        • Differential Unit
        • Viscous Coupling Unit
        • Selector Mechanism
        • Lubrication
      • Transfer Box Electrical Components
        • Ratio Control Motor
        • Speed Sensor
        • Temperature Sensor
        • Transfer Box ECU
      • High/Low Range
        • High/Low Range Selection
        • Automatic Transmission Vehicles
        • Manual Transmission Vehicles
      • Operation
        • Transfer Box Drive
        • Electrical Operation
          • Notes
          • Automatic Transmission (A/T)
          • Manual Transmission (M/T)
        • Range Information - A/T
          • High Range
          • High-To-Low Range
          • Low-To-High Range
          • Range Selection Parameters Incorrect
          • Transfer Box-To-Neutral
        • Range information - M/T
          • High Range
          • High-To-Low Range
          • Low-To-High Range
          • Range Selection Parameters Incorrect
          • Transfer Box-To-Neutral
    • Component Locations
    • Lubrication
      • Check Transfer Box Oil Level
      • Renew Transfer Box Oil
    • Service Precautions
      • Disconnecting & Connecting Battery
        • Disabling Anti-Theft Battery
        • Disconnecting & Connecting Main Battery
        • Handset/Keys Synchronization
        • Setting Window One-Touch & Anti-Trap Functions
        • Setting Sunroof One-Touch & Anti-Trap Functions
    • Adjustment
      • Adjust A/T Selector Cable
    • Removal & Installation
      • Chassis CROSSMEMBER
        • Removal & Installation
      • Electronic Control Unit
        • Removal & Installation
      • Input Shaft Oil Seal
        • Removal & Installation
      • Output Shaft Oil Seal - Front
        • Removal & Installation
      • Output Shaft Oil Seal - Rear
        • Removal & Installation
      • Ratio Control Motor
        • Removal & Installation
      • Transfer Box - Up To 1999 Model Year
        • Removal & Installation
      • Transfer Box - From Model Year 1999
        • Removal & Installation
    • Overhaul
      • Notes
      • Ratio Control Motor
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Input Shaft Oil Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Output Shaft Drive Flange
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Output Shaft Oil Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Viscous Coupling Unit (VCU)
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • EPICYCLIC Gear Set
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Input Shaft Bearing
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Output Shaft Bearing
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Selector Fork Assembly
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Reduction Hub
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Interlock Spool
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Output Shaft Drive Flange
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Output Shaft Oil Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Transfer Box Drive Chain
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Differential Unit
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Differential Bearings
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Output Shaft
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Output Shaft Bearing
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Intermediate Shaft Drive Gear
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Intermediate Shaft Rear Bearing
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Oil Pump
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Intermediate Shaft
        • Removal
        • Installation
    • Torque Specifications
    • Tool Numbers
• External Pages