Spark Plug Inspection: Notes
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
- Verify that the correct spark plug is installed. An incorrect spark plug causes driveability conditions. Refer to Ignition System Specifications for the correct spark plug.
- Ensure that the spark plug has the correct heat range. An incorrect heat range causes the following conditions:
- Spark plug fouling - Colder plug
- Pre-ignition causing spark plug and/or engine damage - Hotter plug
- Inspect the terminal post (1) for damage.
- Inspect for a bent or broken terminal post (1)
- Test for a loose terminal post (1) by twisting and pulling the post. The terminal post (1) should not move.
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
- Inspect the insulator (2) for flashover or carbon tracking, or soot. This is caused by the electrical charge traveling across the insulator (2) between the terminal post (1) and ground. Inspect for the following conditions:
- Inspect the spark plug boot for damage.
- Inspect the spark plug recess are of the cylinder head for moisture, such as oil, coolant, or water. A spark plug boot that is saturated will cause arcing to ground.
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
- Inspect the insulator (2) for cracks. All or part of the electrical charge may arc through the crack instead of the electrodes (3, 4).
Courtesy of GENERAL MOTORS CORP.
- Inspect for evidence of improper arcing.
- Measure the gap between the center electrode (4) and the side electrode (3). Refer to Ignition System Specifications . An excessively wide electrode gap can prevent correct spark plug operation.
- Inspect for the correct spark plug torque. Refer to Ignition System Specifications . Insufficient torque can prevent correct spark plug operation. An over torqued spark plug, causes the insulator (2) to crack.
- Inspect for signs of tracking that occurred near the insulator tip instead of the center electrode (4).
- Inspect for a broken or worn side electrode (3).
- Inspect for a broken, worn, or loose center electrode (4) by shaking the spark plug.
- A rattling sound indicates internal damage.
- A looses center electrode (4) reduces the spark intensity.
- Inspect for bridged electrodes (3, 4). Deposits on the electrodes (3, 4) reduce or eliminates the gap.
- Inspect for worn or missing platinum pads on the electrodes (3, 4), if equipped.
- Inspect for excessive fouling.
- Inspect the spark plug recess area of the cylinder head for debris. Dirty or damaged threads can cause the spark plug not to seat correctly during installation.